{ "schemaVersion": 2, "eyebrow": "Dermatology", "title": "Tinea Corporis", "summary": "Manage localized tinea corporis with topical antifungal therapy after bedside confirmation when morphology is uncertain; obtain mycologic testing and reassess exposure, adherence, steroid use, and resistance when disease is extensive, recurrent, or treatment-refractory.", "seoDescription": "Point-of-care diagnosis and treatment of tinea corporis, including topical therapy, indications for oral antifungals, culture, recurrence, and resistance.", "clinicalQuestion": "How should clinicians confirm and treat tinea corporis, and when should they escalate evaluation or systemic antifungal therapy?", "specialty": "Dermatology", "audience": "U.S. physicians and medical trainees", "tags": [ "tinea corporis", "ringworm", "dermatophytosis", "KOH preparation", "terbinafine", "itraconazole", "Trichophyton indotineae", "tinea incognito" ], "keyTakeaways": [ "Use topical antifungal monotherapy for a treatment-naive, localized tinea corporis eruption; terbinafine 1% twice daily for 1-2 weeks is a supported regimen. [20][24]", "Escalate from topical treatment to oral therapy for extensive lesions, multiple involved sites, recurrent or chronic disease, or infection unresponsive to topical therapy. [5][10][20][24]", "Obtain fungal culture in chronic, recurrent, relapsing, recalcitrant, or multisite disease; isolate identification becomes particularly important when systemic treatment has failed. [15][20]", "Avoid topical corticosteroid-containing combination products: they can alter morphology and are strongly discouraged in tinea management. [8][20]", "Keep affected skin dry and minimize occlusion while treating tinea cruris or corporis patterns involving moist, occluded areas. [1]" ], "sections": [ { "id": "initial-clinical-decision", "eyebrow": "Initial assessment", "heading": "Decide whether this is uncomplicated localized tinea corporis", "intro": "Distribution, prior therapy, and host status determine whether empiric topical treatment is reasonable.", "paragraphs": [ "Treat a limited, treatment-naive eruption consistent with tinea corporis using topical therapy alone when there is no hair, nail, hand, or extensive multisite involvement. Limited tinea corporis is generally manageable with a topical antifungal, whereas tinea capitis, tinea barbae, tinea manuum, and onychomycosis usually require systemic treatment. [2]", "Before selecting therapy, document lesion count and body sites, duration, prior antifungal exposure, use of topical corticosteroids or steroid-antifungal combinations, household clustering, contact-sport or communal-facility exposure, and animal contact. Zoonotic transmission from domestic animals and indirect transmission in environments such as locker rooms and swimming pools facilitate spread; a continuing source can explain apparent relapse after otherwise appropriate therapy. [6][21]", "Do not treat an atypical eruption indefinitely as dermatophytosis. Contact dermatitis, bacterial folliculitis, psoriasis, and eczema can resemble dermatophyte infection. A morphology modified by topical corticosteroids should increase the need for mycologic confirmation rather than prompt escalation of steroid potency. [12][20]" ], "bullets": [ "Localized and treatment-naive: begin topical therapy. [2][20][24]", "Extensive, multiple-site, recurrent, chronic, or topical-treatment nonresponsive: obtain mycologic testing and consider oral therapy. [5][10][20]", "Hair or nail involvement: redirect management because topical treatment alone is generally inadequate. [2][24]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Clinical pattern that changes the initial management pathway. [2][5][10][20][24]", "columns": [ "Presentation", "Next action", "Reason for escalation" ], "rows": [ [ "Localized, treatment-naive tinea corporis", "Start a topical antifungal regimen. [20][24]", "Limited corporis usually responds to topical therapy alone. [2]" ], [ "Extensive lesions or multiple involved sites", "Consider systemic plus topical antifungal therapy. [5][10][20]", "Extent and multisite disease are indications for systemic therapy. [5][10]" ], [ "Chronic, recurrent, relapsing, or recalcitrant disease", "Send fungal culture and reassess adherence, steroid exposure, reinfection source, and systemic-treatment need. [10][20]", "Culture is recommended in these higher-failure patterns. [20]" ], [ "Scalp, beard, hand, or nail involvement", "Evaluate for site-specific systemic treatment strategy. [2][24]", "These sites generally require systemic treatment rather than topical monotherapy. [2]" ] ] } }, { "id": "diagnostic-confirmation", "eyebrow": "Testing", "heading": "Confirm fungal infection when the diagnosis or treatment course is uncertain", "intro": "Testing has the greatest value before prolonged oral therapy and after apparent treatment failure.", "paragraphs": [ "Use direct microscopy and fungal culture when lesions are atypical, when prior topical steroids have altered the presentation, or when oral treatment is contemplated. Dermatophytosis overlaps clinically with eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, and bacterial folliculitis; confirmation prevents unnecessary antifungal escalation and redirects treatment when microscopy or culture does not support dermatophyte infection. [12]", "Obtain fungal culture in chronic, recurrent, relapsing, recalcitrant, or multisite tinea. A recurrence within weeks after completing therapy is described as recurrent dermatophytosis, whereas recalcitrant disease is lack of clinical cure despite an appropriate systemic antifungal dose and duration; these patterns should trigger culture rather than empiric serial drug changes. [10][20]", "When culture is obtained, request species-level identification where the laboratory can provide it, especially after terbinafine failure or in extensive disease. Terbinafine resistance is increasingly reported among Trichophyton species, and Trichophyton indotineae is an emerging cause of difficult-to-treat dermatophytosis. [4][6][17][19]" ], "bullets": [ "A positive direct examination or culture supports dermatophyte-directed therapy; a negative or discordant result should prompt reassessment for an inflammatory or bacterial mimic. [12]", "Culture results matter most when they can alter systemic-agent selection after failure or when resistance is suspected. [4][6][20]", "For tinea capitis, process specimens for microscopy and culture where possible and identify the causal agent; this principle is especially important when a corporis eruption coexists with scalp disease. [15]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Mycologic testing strategy for tinea corporis. [10][12][15][20]", "columns": [ "Clinical situation", "Test or specimen action", "What the result changes" ], "rows": [ [ "Typical localized first episode", "Testing may be deferred if clinical diagnosis is sufficiently secure and topical treatment is selected. [2][20]", "Failure to improve should prompt diagnostic reassessment rather than automatic prolonged treatment. [12][20]" ], [ "Atypical, steroid-modified, or mimic-prone eruption", "Perform direct microscopy and obtain fungal culture. [12][20]", "Distinguishes dermatophytosis from eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, and bacterial folliculitis. [12]" ], [ "Recurrent, chronic, relapsing, recalcitrant, or multisite disease", "Obtain fungal culture before changing or repeating systemic therapy. [10][20]", "Supports organism identification and evaluation of persistent infection versus an alternative diagnosis. [15][20]" ], [ "Terbinafine treatment failure", "Request species identification and pursue susceptibility evaluation where available. [4][6][17]", "Raises concern for resistant Trichophyton, including T. indotineae. [6][17][19]" ] ] } }, { "id": "topical-treatment", "eyebrow": "First-line treatment", "heading": "Treat localized tinea corporis with a topical antifungal and exposure control", "intro": "Use a defined course and reassess nonresponse rather than adding topical corticosteroid.", "paragraphs": [ "For nonextensive tinea corporis, use terbinafine 1% cream or gel twice daily for 1-2 weeks. Miconazole is an alternative topical regimen used for 3-4 weeks. These recommendations apply to adults and children, including pregnant patients, for tinea that is not extensive. [24]", "For localized, naive tinea corporis, topical monotherapy is the recommended approach. Topical antifungals from the allylamine and azole classes are commonly used; evidence syntheses informing dermatomycosis guidelines include numerous randomized trials of topical agents for tinea corporis and cruris. [7][9][20]", "Explicitly discontinue over-the-counter steroid-antifungal combination products and avoid prescribing topical corticosteroids as routine tinea treatment. Steroid use is a major contributor to difficult-to-treat patterns and is strongly discouraged by expert consensus. [8][10][20]", "Address moisture and occlusion during treatment. Keep involved areas dry and free from occlusion, particularly when body lesions extend into intertriginous regions; persistent wetness, tight clothing, and untreated concurrent sites can contribute to persistence or reinfection. [1][8]" ], "bullets": [ "Terbinafine 1% cream or gel: apply twice daily for 1-2 weeks for nonextensive tinea. [24]", "Miconazole: use for 3-4 weeks as a topical alternative for nonextensive tinea. [24]", "At follow-up, verify application frequency, duration completed, residual untreated sites, household or animal exposure, and steroid use before labeling disease drug-resistant. [6][8][20]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Topical treatment selection for nonextensive tinea corporis. [20][24]", "columns": [ "Regimen", "Dose and duration", "Appropriate use" ], "rows": [ [ "Terbinafine cream or gel", "1% topical twice daily for 1-2 weeks. [24]", "First-line option for nonextensive tinea corporis. [24]" ], [ "Miconazole", "Topical treatment for 3-4 weeks. [24]", "Alternative for nonextensive tinea corporis. [24]" ], [ "Topical corticosteroid-containing combination", "Do not use as routine tinea therapy. [20]", "Strongly discouraged because steroid misuse contributes to difficult-to-treat disease. [8][20]" ] ] } }, { "id": "systemic-escalation", "eyebrow": "Escalation", "heading": "Use oral therapy for extensive or refractory tinea corporis", "intro": "Systemic treatment is reserved for disease burden, site involvement, or failure patterns that exceed topical therapy.", "paragraphs": [ "Consider oral therapy for extensive tinea corporis, multiple-site involvement, recurrent or chronic dermatophytosis, or localized disease that remains nonresponsive to topical treatment. Expert consensus supports systemic plus topical therapy for extensive corporis and recalcitrant corporis, while systemic therapy reviews list extensive, recurrent, chronic, and topical-treatment-unresponsive infection as standard indications. [5][10][20]", "Oral terbinafine 250 mg daily for 2-4 weeks is a listed systemic regimen for tinea, with duration based on the indication. Oral itraconazole regimens listed for tinea corporis or cruris include 200 mg twice daily for 1 week or 100 mg daily for 2 weeks. Use these regimens only after reviewing concomitant medications, hepatic risk, and the diagnostic basis for systemic therapy. [23]", "If topical therapy fails, oral terbinafine or itraconazole is recommended after oral griseofulvin is considered for extensive infection or hair/nail involvement in the cited HIV-associated skin-condition guidance. In contemporary recalcitrant disease, choose therapy based on culture, organism identification when available, prior exposure, and concern for terbinafine resistance rather than reflexively combining multiple systemic agents. [4][20][24]", "Before initiating oral terbinafine, review for hepatotoxicity history and counsel regarding severe skin reactions, leukopenia, hepatotoxicity, and taste disturbance, all reported adverse effects. Do not infer that a persistent rash represents resistance until adherence, ongoing exposure, topical-steroid use, diagnosis, and mycologic testing have been reassessed. [23][8][12][20]" ], "bullets": [ "Extensive or multisite disease: systemic therapy is reasonable, generally with concurrent topical treatment. [5][10][20]", "Oral terbinafine: 250 mg daily for 2-4 weeks, indication dependent. [23]", "Oral itraconazole: 200 mg twice daily for 1 week or 100 mg daily for 2 weeks for tinea corporis/cruris regimens. [23]", "Failure after an appropriate systemic course: obtain culture, seek species identification, and consider resistant Trichophyton rather than simply extending the same regimen. [4][10][17][20]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "When to escalate tinea corporis treatment beyond topical monotherapy. [5][10][20][23][24]", "columns": [ "Escalation trigger", "Action", "Supported systemic option" ], "rows": [ [ "Extensive tinea corporis", "Consider systemic plus topical therapy; obtain culture when disease is chronic, recurrent, or otherwise difficult to treat. [10][20]", "Terbinafine 250 mg orally daily for 2-4 weeks, indication dependent. [23]" ], [ "Multiple involved sites", "Use systemic therapy and evaluate untreated reservoir sites, including nails, scalp, hands, or feet. [10][20]", "Itraconazole 200 mg orally twice daily for 1 week or 100 mg daily for 2 weeks for corporis/cruris regimens. [23]" ], [ "Topical-treatment nonresponse", "Confirm diagnosis, check adherence and steroid exposure, and culture before serial empiric changes. [12][20]", "Oral terbinafine or itraconazole may be used after failure of topical therapy. [24]" ], [ "Failure of appropriate oral terbinafine", "Obtain culture with species identification and evaluate for resistance. [4][17][20]", "Itraconazole is increasingly used in settings of rising terbinafine resistance. [4]" ] ] } }, { "id": "recurrent-and-resistant-disease", "eyebrow": "Persistent disease", "heading": "Approach recurrence, relapse, and suspected antifungal resistance systematically", "intro": "Differentiate reinfection, diagnostic error, steroid modification, nonadherence, and resistant dermatophyte before changing systemic drugs.", "paragraphs": [ "Classify the failure pattern before escalation. Disease that recurs within weeks after treatment completion is recurrent dermatophytosis; chronic dermatophytosis has been described as infection persisting for 6 months to 1 year or longer despite treatment, and recalcitrant disease is failure to achieve clinical cure despite appropriately dosed systemic antifungal therapy. These categories warrant culture and a search for persistent exposures or reservoirs. [8][10][20]", "Ask specifically about interrupted treatment, self-medication, steroid-containing creams, tight or synthetic clothing, obesity-related occlusion, and ongoing contact with affected people or animals. Nonadherence and erratic steroid-combination use are recognized contributors to therapy gaps and difficult-to-treat dermatophytosis; zoonotic and contaminated-surface transmission can perpetuate infection. [6][7][8][21]", "Suspect terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton when a culture-confirmed dermatophyte eruption is extensive or persistent after an adequate terbinafine course, particularly with travel, close contacts, or epidemiologic links to emerging resistant strains. T. indotineae has been reported in the United States and is associated with difficult-to-treat, terbinafine-resistant dermatophytosis; species identification and antifungal susceptibility assessment should guide specialist-directed therapy where available. [6][17][19]", "Do not use a topical steroid to suppress inflammation while awaiting fungal testing unless a separate inflammatory diagnosis has been established. Steroid exposure can make tinea less recognizable and has been repeatedly implicated in chronic and recalcitrant disease patterns. [8][10][20]" ], "bullets": [ "Recurrent within weeks: investigate reinfection, untreated contacts or reservoirs, adherence, and steroid use; culture the active border. [10][20][21]", "Persistent despite systemic therapy: verify diagnosis and request species identification; consider susceptibility testing for suspected resistance. [4][17][19]", "Concurrent nail, scalp, hand, or foot disease: evaluate and treat the involved site because it may maintain ongoing dermatophyte exposure. [2][10]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Practical causes of apparent tinea corporis treatment failure. [6][8][10][12][20][21]", "columns": [ "Failure pattern", "Most useful next step", "Management implication" ], "rows": [ [ "Atypical rash or no mycologic support", "Reconsider eczema, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, or bacterial folliculitis; obtain microscopy and culture. [12]", "Avoid unnecessary repeat systemic antifungal courses. [12]" ], [ "History of steroid-combination cream use", "Stop the product and obtain mycologic confirmation if morphology is altered. [8][20]", "Do not add or continue topical corticosteroid as tinea therapy. [20]" ], [ "Rapid post-treatment recurrence", "Assess adherence, household or animal exposure, contaminated communal environments, and untreated body-site reservoirs. [6][10][21]", "Address source control alongside antifungal treatment. [1][21]" ], [ "Persistent disease after appropriate terbinafine", "Culture and request species identification; consider susceptibility testing. [4][17][20]", "Evaluate for terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton and use culture-directed systemic management. [4][6][17]" ] ] } }, { "id": "prevention-and-follow-up", "eyebrow": "Follow-up", "heading": "Prevent reinfection and define the next step after treatment", "intro": "Clinical reassessment should focus on cure, ongoing exposure, and hidden dermatophyte reservoirs.", "paragraphs": [ "At completion of therapy, confirm that active scaling and advancing lesions have resolved, then investigate persistent or recurrent lesions rather than automatically restarting the same treatment. In a patient with recurrence, culture active disease and examine for concurrent tinea pedis, nail disease, scalp disease, hand involvement, or other untreated sites that may act as reservoirs. [2][10][20]", "Reduce transmission by keeping involved skin dry and avoiding occlusion. Ask about shared locker rooms, swimming pools, athletic environments, close-contact spread, and pets or other domestic animals with skin lesions; these exposures support reinfection risk and may require environmental or veterinary intervention. [1][6][21]", "Arrange dermatology or infectious diseases input when disease is extensive, persists after appropriate systemic treatment, requires organism identification or susceptibility testing beyond local laboratory capacity, or raises concern for T. indotineae. The consultation goal is culture-directed treatment and exclusion of nondermatophyte dermatoses, not empiric addition of corticosteroids or multiple antifungals. [4][12][17][19]" ], "bullets": [ "Persistent active lesions after treatment: obtain microscopy and fungal culture before selecting another systemic regimen. [12][20]", "Recurrent disease: evaluate contacts, animals, communal exposures, occlusion, and untreated body-site reservoirs. [1][6][10][21]", "Suspected resistant dermatophyte: obtain species identification and pursue susceptibility testing with specialist support. [4][17][19]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Follow-up actions after tinea corporis therapy. [1][6][10][12][20][21]", "columns": [ "Follow-up finding", "Immediate action", "Purpose" ], "rows": [ [ "Clinical resolution", "Reinforce dry-skin and reduced-occlusion measures. [1]", "Reduces conditions favoring persistence in moist or occluded areas. [1]" ], [ "Persistent active border or new lesions", "Perform microscopy and culture; reassess the diagnosis. [12][20]", "Separates persistent dermatophytosis from a mimic. [12]" ], [ "Recurrence within weeks", "Culture active lesions and assess exposure and reservoir sites. [10][20][21]", "Distinguishes reinfection or relapse from unrecognized alternative disease. [10][12]" ], [ "Failure after systemic terbinafine", "Request species identification and consider susceptibility testing with specialist input. [4][17][19]", "Identifies possible resistant Trichophyton requiring culture-directed therapy. 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Extranet Systems", "detail": "extranet.who.int", "url": "https://extranet.who.int/ncdccs/Data/LBN_D1_Final%20EN%20PHC%20Guide%20(September%2025,%202015).pdf", "authors": "extranet.who.int", "host": "extranet.who.int" }, { "number": 24, "title": "[PDF] Guidelines on the treatment of skin and oral HIV-associated ... - IRIS", "detail": "iris.who.int", "url": "https://iris.who.int/server/api/core/bitstreams/50196a71-51c6-4e05-ade2-36e013a450fe/content", "authors": "iris.who.int", "host": "iris.who.int" } ], "editorialNote": "Prepared from cited clinical literature using Astra's research workflow. Verify recommendations against current guidance and patient-specific factors.", "citations": [ { "number": 1, "title": "[PDF] Pathophysiology of dermatophyte infections - accessdata.fda.gov", "detail": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/99/20980_admindocs_P4.pdf", "authors": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "host": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "snippet": "Gener- ally speaking, tinea cruris responds well to treatment with an antifungal solution or cream. The area should be kept dry and free from occlusion.", "score": 0.28412437 }, { "number": 2, "title": "Dermatophyte infections - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US", "detail": "bestpractice.bmj.com", "url": "https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/119", "authors": "bestpractice.bmj.com", "host": "bestpractice.bmj.com", "snippet": "Confirm diagnosis of onychomycosis (fungal nail disease) and tinea capitis (fungal scalp infection) prior to treatment if possible.\n\nLimited tinea corporis (body) infection can usually be managed with topical therapy alone. Systemic therapy is preferred for tinea capitis (scalp), tinea barbae (beard", "score": 0.48396602 }, { "number": 3, "title": "Efficacy of Topical Antifungals in the Treatment of Dermatophytosis ...", "detail": "jamanetwork.com", "url": "https://jamanetwork.com/HttpHandlers/ArticlePdfHandler.ashx?journal=DERM&pdfFileName=dpz120011_341_349.pdf", "authors": "jamanetwork.com", "host": "jamanetwork.com", "snippet": "to assess once-daily topical treatment of tinea corporis with butenafine, a new ... azole cream 1% in the treatment of tinea cruris and tinea corporis. ... dose", "score": 0.52685463 }, { "number": 4, "title": "Effect of Different Itraconazole Dosing Regimens in Adult Patients ...", "detail": "jamanetwork.com", "url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2795924", "authors": "jamanetwork.com", "host": "jamanetwork.com", "snippet": "Thus, with rising terbinafine resistance, itraconazole is being increasingly used as the first-line systemic antifungal drug for tinea corporis/", "score": 0.4833807 }, { "number": 5, "title": "Comparison between the efficacy of terbinafine and itraconazole orally vs. the combination of the two drugs in treating recalcitrant dermatophytosis | Scientific Reports", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-46361-z", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com", "snippet": "Systemic therapy for dermatophytosis is indicated for extensive, recurrent and non responsive cases. Moreover; skin infections involving multiple sites and non responsive to topical treatment require using systemic antifungals. Wide variety of systemic antifungals is available for the treatment of t", "score": 0.595987 }, { "number": 6, "title": "The dual role of azoles: lifesaving antifungals and drivers of resistance", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-71762-9", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com", "snippet": "Superficial fungal infections, dominated by dermatomycoses, affect around 20–25% of the global population, making them among the most common human infections. Tinea corporis and Tinea pedis are most often caused by T. rubrum and T. interdigitale, while Tinea capitis frequently involves zoophilic age", "score": 0.3502663 }, { "number": 7, "title": "Treatment Approach for Superficial... : Clinical Dermatology Review", "detail": "journals.lww.com", "url": "https://journals.lww.com/cddr/fulltext/2022/06010/treatment_approach_for_superficial_dermatophytosis.4.aspx", "authors": "journals.lww.com", "host": "journals.lww.com", "snippet": "Allylamines and azoles (imidazoles and triazoles) are the common drug categories used for the treatment of dermatophytosis. An Indian expert group recommended the use of topical therapy in the management of naïve cases of tinea cruris and corporis (localized lesion) and combination therapy for recal", "score": 0.7971311 }, { "number": 8, "title": "Systemic Therapy of Dermatophytosis : Clinical Dermatology Review", "detail": "journals.lww.com", "url": "https://journals.lww.com/cddr/_layouts/15/oaks.journals/downloadpdf.aspx?an=02006588-201701001-00004", "authors": "journals.lww.com", "host": "journals.lww.com", "snippet": "Title: Systemic Therapy of Dermatophytosis : Clinical Dermatology Review\nThis change in the clinical scenario with increasing frequency of treatment failures has given rise to innumerable treatment options mainly based on individual's experience, as the therapeutic regimens given in the standard tex", "score": 0.78334314 }, { "number": 9, "title": "Guidelines for the management of dermatomycosis (2019)", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1346-8138.15618", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "## Background and Purpose\n\nDermatomycosis, including dermatophytosis, is commonly encountered in routine medical care. In Japan, 21.6% of the population are estimated to have tinea pedis, while 10.0% are estimated to have tinea unguium.1 Diagnosis and treatment of dermatomycosis are routine in derma", "score": 0.7011614 }, { "number": 10, "title": "Systemic Therapy of Dermatophytosis: Practical and... : Clinical Dermatology Review", "detail": "journals.lww.com", "url": "https://journals.lww.com/cddr/fulltext/2017/01001/systemic_therapy_of_dermatophytosis__practical_and.4.aspx", "authors": "journals.lww.com", "host": "journals.lww.com", "snippet": "Dermatophytosis, the most common superficial fungal infection caused by keratinophilic fungi, has been on the rise in India over the last 3-4 years, with an increase in the occurrence of difficult-to-treat recalcitrant, recurrent, and chronic dermatophytosis.[1] While multiple factors such as global", "score": 0.6852132 }, { "number": 11, "title": "Management of Dermatophytosis of Nail and Hair : Clinical Dermatology Review", "detail": "journals.lww.com", "url": "https://journals.lww.com/cddr/_layouts/15/oaks.journals/downloadpdf.aspx?an=02006588-201701001-00006", "authors": "journals.lww.com", "host": "journals.lww.com", "snippet": "Title: Management of Dermatophytosis of Nail and Hair : Clinical Dermatology Review\nImage 3: Crossmark: Check for updates. # Management of Dermatophytosis of Nail and Hair. Dermatophyte infections are common worldwide, and dermatophytes are the prevailing causes of fungal infection of the skin, hair", "score": 0.67063034 }, { "number": 12, "title": "Major challenges and perspectives in the diagnostics and treatment of dermatophyte infections - Gnat - 2020 - Journal of Applied Microbiology - Wiley Online Library", "detail": "enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jam.14611", "authors": "enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "enviromicro-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "10.3389/fmed.2019.00097Web of Science® Google Scholar\n Vanam, H.P., Mohanram, K., Reddy, K.S.R., Rengasamy, M. and Rudramurthy, S.M. (2019) Naive tinea corporis et cruris in an immunocompetent adult caused by a geophile Nannizzia gypsea susceptible to Terbinafine-rarity in the current scenario of de", "score": 0.62000114 }, { "number": 13, "title": "NEXTODERM: Consensus on Dermatophytosis Diagnosis and ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/drp/1347872", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "Combination therapy is the most widely recommended approach for managing patients with tinea infections 96.7% Commonly used topical antifungal", "score": 0.5101799 }, { "number": 14, "title": "A Comprehensive Review of Quba and Its Correlation with Dermatophytosis - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/org/science/article/abs/pii/S2215083823000577", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "Title: A Comprehensive Review of Quba and Its Correlation with Dermatophytosis - ScienceDirect\n## Current Traditional Medicine. Volume 9, Issue 5, 2023. # Medicine, Integrative & Complementary Medicine A Comprehensive Review of *Quba* and Its Correlation with Dermatophytosis. Author links open overl", "score": 0.47110215 }, { "number": 15, "title": "British Association of Dermatologists' guidelines for the ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bjd.13196", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "All specimens from cases of tinea capitis should be processed for microscopy and culture where possible, and the causal agent fully identified", "score": 0.34979975 }, { "number": 16, "title": "Consensus‐based Guideline on tinea capitis - Wiley Online Library", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ddg.70395x", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "From a therapeutic perspective, a combination of systemic and topical antifungal treatment is recommended, as topical monotherapy is generally", "score": 0.32472825 }, { "number": 17, "title": "Emergent insights on the spread of antifungal-resistant Trichophyton indotineae dermatophyte: Clonal expansion, adaptability dynamics and human–animal host adaptation - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1156523326000090", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "### J Fungi\n\n### Treatment and diagnostic challenges associated with the novel and rapidly emerging antifungal-resistant dermatophyte, Trichophyton indotineae\n\n### J Clin Microbiol\n\n### Diversity of geophilic dermatophytes species in the soils of Iran; the significant preponderance of Nannizzia fulv", "score": 0.6485337 }, { "number": 18, "title": "Breaking the treatment barrier in Trichophyton indotineae and related species: A systematic review of case reports and case series - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0882401026002846", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "### bmj\n\n### Rapid emergence of recalcitrant dermatophytosis caused by a cluster of multidrug-resistant Trichophyton indotineae in China\n\n### Br. J. Dermatol.\n\n### A case of Tinea Corporis caused by Trichophyton benhamiae var. luteum from a degu and evolution of the pathogen's taxonomy\n\n### J. Fungi", "score": 0.6485337 }, { "number": 19, "title": "Multi-drug resistance Trichophyton indotineae in a stray dog - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0034528823003569", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "### MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep.\n\n### M38-A3 -Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous fungi\n\n### A Terbinafine Sensitive Trichophyton indotineae Strain in Italy: The First Clinical Case of tinea corporis and onychomycosis\n\n### J. Fungi (Basel, Switzerland", "score": 0.61112726 }, { "number": 20, "title": "Expert Consensus on The Management of Dermatophytosis in India (ECTODERM India) - PubMed", "detail": "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30041646", "authors": "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "snippet": "Title: Expert Consensus on The Management of Dermatophytosis in India (ECTODERM India) - PubMed\nofficial website and that any information you provide is encrypted. ## Create a file for external citation management software. ### Full text links. # Expert Consensus on The Management of Dermatophytosis", "score": 0.76659125 }, { "number": 21, "title": "A comparison of the existing recommendations for human and veterinary clinicians on the management and prevention of the zoonotic aspects of dermatophytosis: A scoping review - PubMed", "detail": "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41818298", "authors": "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "snippet": "Title: A comparison of the existing recommendations for human and veterinary clinicians on the management and prevention of the zoonotic aspects of dermatophytosis: A scoping review - PubMed\n# A comparison of the existing recommendations for human and veterinary clinicians on the management and prev", "score": 0.57952 }, { "number": 22, "title": "Trichophyton indotineae, an Emerging Drug-Resistant Dermatophyte", "detail": "www.ccjm.org", "url": "https://www.ccjm.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.3390%2Fjcm13123558&link_type=DOI", "authors": "www.ccjm.org", "host": "www.ccjm.org", "snippet": "Diagnosis relies on clinical appearance and naftifine) and topical azoles (including clotrimazole, bifonazole, sulconazole, miconazole,", "score": 0.25185508 }, { "number": 23, "title": "[PDF] PHC ENG GUIDE 200 - Extranet Systems", "detail": "extranet.who.int", "url": "https://extranet.who.int/ncdccs/Data/LBN_D1_Final%20EN%20PHC%20Guide%20(September%2025,%202015).pdf", "authors": "extranet.who.int", "host": "extranet.who.int", "snippet": "- Itraconazole orally 200 mg twice daily for 1 week or 100 mg daily for 2 weeks in tinea corporis or cruris; or 200 mg twice daily for 1 week in tinea pedis; and Itraconazole orally 200 mg twice daily for one week each month for 1-3 months in tinea capitis.\n- Terbinafine1 orally 250 mg daily for 2-4 ", "score": 0.74004334 }, { "number": 24, "title": "[PDF] Guidelines on the treatment of skin and oral HIV-associated ... - IRIS", "detail": "iris.who.int", "url": "https://iris.who.int/server/api/core/bitstreams/50196a71-51c6-4e05-ade2-36e013a450fe/content", "authors": "iris.who.int", "host": "iris.who.int", "snippet": "units/ml), 4–6 ml QID 7–14 days 0.0336/ml Clotrimazole troches 10 mg PO 5 times daily 7–14 days 1.207 (10 mg troche) Itraconazole 200 mg solution OD 28 days for esophageal candidiasis resistant to fluconazole 0.94/mg (150 ml of 10 mg/ml solutions costs US$142) 86 Guidelines on the treatment of skin ", "score": 0.650934 } ], "publishedAt": "2026-09-15T23:52:15.601947+00:00", "updatedAt": "2026-09-15T23:52:15.601947+00:00", "readingMinutes": 7, "slug": "tinea-corporis" }