{ "schemaVersion": 2, "eyebrow": "Dermatology", "title": "Sunburn", "summary": "Manage sunburn by identifying blistering or systemic illness that warrants urgent assessment, avoiding further ultraviolet exposure, and using layered photoprotection to prevent recurrent injury. Broad-spectrum sunscreen, protective clothing, and sun avoidance reduce ultraviolet-associated skin damage.", "seoDescription": "Physician-focused approach to sunburn assessment, escalation for severe injury, medication-related photosensitivity, and evidence-based ultraviolet protection.", "clinicalQuestion": "How should clinicians triage acute sunburn and prevent recurrent ultraviolet injury?", "specialty": "Dermatology", "audience": "U.S. physicians and medical trainees", "tags": [ "sunburn management", "photoprotection", "sunscreen", "photosensitivity", "ultraviolet radiation", "skin cancer prevention" ], "keyTakeaways": [ "Treat extensive blistering, severe pain, or systemic symptoms as potentially severe cutaneous injury rather than uncomplicated erythema; assess promptly for complications and exclude alternative phototoxic or severe drug reactions.", "Use broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher as one component of protection; only broad-spectrum products at this threshold protect against ultraviolet rays associated with skin-cancer risk and early skin aging. [1][2]", "Prioritize physical avoidance and protective clothing alongside sunscreen, because ultraviolet exposure occurs year-round and on cloudy days. [1]", "Review medications when the eruption is disproportionate, sharply photodistributed, or recurrent: topical retinoids and systemic isotretinoin labeling warns of photosensitivity and increased susceptibility to sunburn. [5][6]", "Do not apply sunscreen to infants younger than 6 months without clinician guidance. [1]" ], "sections": [ { "id": "triage-acute-sunburn", "eyebrow": "Initial assessment", "heading": "Triage acute sunburn for severe injury and alternative diagnoses", "intro": "Classify the presentation before treating it as routine uncomplicated sunburn.", "paragraphs": [ "Document exposure timing, anatomic distribution, blistering, skin pain, peeling, ocular symptoms, and systemic complaints. Acute phototoxic eruptions can begin hours to days after ultraviolet exposure and may range from sunburn-like erythema and peeling to severe blistering in exposed sites. [16] A sharply photodistributed or unexpectedly severe reaction should trigger a medication and topical-product review rather than attribution to exposure duration alone.", "Escalate same-day assessment for extensive blistering, uncontrolled pain, systemic illness, or concern for a serious cutaneous adverse reaction. Sunburn severe enough for burn-service admission is uncommon, whereas most cases are self-managed with simple creams and analgesics; this contrast supports escalation when injury exceeds the usual limited erythematous presentation. [10]", "In children, use a lower threshold for evaluation because burns may be more severe than in adults. [2] For infants younger than 6 months, do not recommend sunscreen without consultation with a health professional. [1]" ], "bullets": [ "Ask specifically about topical tretinoin, adapalene, or tazarotene; all are associated with ultraviolet/environmental exposure warnings and photosensitivity or sunburn risk. [5]", "Ask about oral isotretinoin and concomitant tetracyclines. Isotretinoin labeling identifies increased sunburn susceptibility and advises avoiding concomitant tetracyclines because of intracranial-hypertension risk. [6]", "If the patient uses topical diclofenac gel, stop it at the first evidence of sunburn per prescribing information. [3]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Clinical features that should shift management beyond routine self-care.", "columns": [ "Presentation", "Interpretation", "Next action" ], "rows": [ [ "Limited erythema and discomfort after known ultraviolet exposure", "Typical sunburn pattern; most cases are managed at home with simple creams and analgesics. [10]", "Stop additional exposure and reinforce layered photoprotection. [1]" ], [ "Blistering, marked pain, or systemic symptoms", "Severity exceeds the common self-managed presentation and may represent significant cutaneous injury. [10][16]", "Perform prompt in-person assessment and evaluate for complications or an alternate diagnosis." ], [ "Reaction out of proportion to exposure or strictly sun-exposed distribution after a new medication", "Consider drug-associated photosensitivity; retinoids and isotretinoin carry photosensitivity or increased-sunburn-susceptibility warnings. [5][6]", "Review and modify the suspected exposure or medication according to product labeling and clinical indication." ], [ "Infant younger than 6 months", "Sunscreen use requires health-professional guidance. [1]", "Emphasize avoidance of ultraviolet exposure and individualized counseling." ] ] } }, { "id": "medication-photosensitivity", "eyebrow": "Medication safety", "heading": "Identify treatments that amplify ultraviolet injury", "intro": "A medication review is most useful when severity or recurrence is discordant with reported exposure.", "paragraphs": [ "Topical retinoid counseling should include sun-exposure precautions at initiation and during dose escalation. Tretinoin labeling identifies skin irritation and photosensitivity with sunburn risk; adapalene labeling warns about ultraviolet and environmental exposure; and tazarotene labeling identifies photosensitivity and sunburn risk. [5] In a patient with retinoid dermatitis plus sunburn-like erythema, distinguish additive irritant dermatitis from a predominantly photo-induced reaction because both require reducing ultraviolet exposure.", "For isotretinoin, counsel that sunburn and photosensitizing/photoallergic reactions are reported adverse effects, including increased susceptibility to sunburn. [6] New severe skin symptoms during isotretinoin require assessment for serious skin reactions; the label directs monitoring for Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and other serious skin reactions. [6]", "Do not reflexively label every sun-exposed eruption as simple sunburn. Severe blistering after ultraviolet exposure can occur in cutaneous drug reactions, and a recurrent pattern despite protective behavior should prompt reassessment of prescribed, over-the-counter, and topical agents. [16]" ], "bullets": [ "For topical diclofenac gel, discontinue at the first evidence of sunburn. [3]", "For isotretinoin, avoid concomitant tetracyclines because the label warns of intracranial hypertension with this combination. [6]", "For tazarotene, pregnancy is a labeled contraindication; address this independently when reviewing an acne regimen. [5]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Medication-related ultraviolet counseling points.", "columns": [ "Agent or class", "Relevant labeled risk", "Clinical response" ], "rows": [ [ "Tretinoin", "Photosensitivity and sunburn risk with local irritation. [5]", "Reinforce ultraviolet avoidance and reassess use if marked erythema, pain, or exfoliation develops." ], [ "Adapalene", "Ultraviolet and environmental exposure warning; erythema, scaling, dryness, and stinging/burning may occur. [5]", "Separate expected irritant effects from a disproportionate photodistributed reaction." ], [ "Tazarotene", "Photosensitivity and sunburn risk; contraindicated in pregnancy. [5]", "Institute strict sun precautions and verify pregnancy contraindication before continued use." ], [ "Isotretinoin", "Increased susceptibility to sunburn and reported photosensitizing/photoallergic reactions. [6]", "Counsel before exposure; evaluate severe eruptions for serious cutaneous adverse reactions." ], [ "Topical diclofenac gel", "Label instructs discontinuation at first evidence of sunburn. [3]", "Stop the drug and reassess the cutaneous reaction." ] ] } }, { "id": "photoprotection-prescribing", "eyebrow": "Prevention", "heading": "Prescribe layered photoprotection rather than sunscreen alone", "intro": "Select a product with labeled broad-spectrum protection, then pair it with exposure reduction.", "paragraphs": [ "Recommend a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher, including on cloudy days. FDA states that broad-spectrum products protect against UVA and UVB radiation and that only broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF at least 15 protects against ultraviolet rays associated with skin-cancer risk and early skin aging. [1][2] SPF is derived from a sunburn test and primarily reflects UVB protection; it should not be interpreted as a complete measure of UVA protection unless the product is labeled broad spectrum. [2]", "Counsel that sunscreen is adjunctive, not permission to extend exposure. FDA recommends reducing ultraviolet injury with a combination of sunscreen and other protective measures, and ultraviolet exposure occurs year-round. [1] Protective clothing and avoidance of midday or peak exposure are practical complements to sunscreen use. [8][21]", "For patients with a prior sunburn, emphasize prevention of recurrence as a cancer-risk intervention. Unprotected sun exposure increases the risk of skin cancer and early skin aging across all skin colors. [1] Childhood sunburn has been associated with increased cutaneous melanoma risk in a Mendelian-randomization analysis. [15]" ], "bullets": [ "Choose legally marketed sunscreen dosage forms: lotion, cream, stick, gel, oil, butter, paste, ointment, spray, or powder. Wipes, towelettes, body washes, and shampoos cannot be legally marketed as sunscreen dosage forms. [1]", "Tell patients not to use recalled sunscreen products; FDA has identified recalls related to benzene contamination while continuing to recommend sunscreen plus other sun-protection measures. [2]", "When counseling a patient taking a photosensitizing medication, make sun avoidance and protective clothing central rather than relying only on a higher SPF product. [5][6][8]" ], "subsections": [ { "heading": "How to explain SPF without overstating it", "paragraphs": [ "SPF compares the ultraviolet exposure needed to produce sunburn with versus without the product, so it measures sunburn protection rather than all clinically relevant radiation exposure. [2] Use the broad-spectrum designation to address UVA and UVB coverage, and pair sunscreen with behavioral and clothing-based protection. [1][2]" ], "bullets": [] } ], "table": { "caption": "Patient-specific photoprotection counseling.", "columns": [ "Clinical context", "Core recommendation", "Reason" ], "rows": [ [ "General outdoor exposure", "Use broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher, even on cloudy days, plus clothing and exposure avoidance. [1][2]", "Broad-spectrum SPF 15 or higher addresses ultraviolet rays linked to skin-cancer risk and early aging. [1]" ], [ "Recent sunburn", "Avoid renewed ultraviolet exposure while the skin recovers and establish a preventive routine before the next exposure. [1]", "Tanning and sunburn reflect skin responses to potentially damaging ultraviolet radiation. [1]" ], [ "Topical retinoid or isotretinoin use", "Add explicit photosensitivity counseling and reassess a severe photodistributed reaction. [5][6]", "These agents carry photosensitivity or increased-sunburn-susceptibility warnings. [5][6]" ], [ "Infant younger than 6 months", "Obtain clinician guidance before sunscreen use. [1]", "FDA specifically advises health-professional consultation. [1]" ] ] } }, { "id": "follow-up-and-escalation", "eyebrow": "Follow-up", "heading": "Reassess recurrent or atypical sunburn patterns", "intro": "Recurrent injury should lead to prevention review and diagnostic reconsideration.", "paragraphs": [ "At follow-up after a significant episode, document the exposure setting, medications, photoprotective behavior, and whether erythema or blistering was confined to exposed skin. A mismatch between modest exposure and severe reaction should redirect the evaluation toward photosensitivity or medication-associated phototoxicity. [5][6][16]", "For patients receiving phototherapy for atopic dermatitis, recognize that treatment is distinct from incidental sun exposure but has relevant ultraviolet adverse effects. FDA review materials describe phototherapy as an option with a time-intensive in-office schedule and risks that may include actinic damage, sunburn-like reactions, skin cancer, and cataracts depending on modality. [4] New sunburn-like reactions during phototherapy warrant review of the modality, cumulative exposure context, and concurrent photosensitizing treatments.", "Use every sunburn encounter to identify preventable future exposure, particularly in patients with repeated burns, retinoid use, or evidence of chronic ultraviolet injury. Regular and proper sunscreen application has been reported to reduce sunburn, photoaging, and later skin-cancer risk, but sunscreen should remain part of a broader exposure-reduction strategy. [14][1]" ], "bullets": [ "Escalate recurrent blistering or severe photodistributed episodes for dermatologic assessment when medication modification and strict ultraviolet avoidance do not explain or control the pattern. [16]", "Review sunscreen selection: broad-spectrum status and SPF 15 or higher are the FDA threshold for protection against ultraviolet rays linked to skin-cancer risk and early skin aging. [1][2]", "For patients on phototherapy, assess for sunburn-like reactions and ocular-risk counseling because cataracts are listed among potential modality-dependent risks. [4]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Follow-up triggers after an acute sunburn episode.", "columns": [ "Trigger", "What it may indicate", "Next step" ], "rows": [ [ "Repeated burns despite reported sunscreen use", "Incomplete layered protection or inadequate attention to non-sunscreen measures. [1][8]", "Verify broad-spectrum SPF 15-or-higher selection and reinforce clothing and avoidance strategies. [1][2]" ], [ "Severe reaction after modest exposure", "Possible medication-associated photosensitivity or phototoxic eruption. [5][6][16]", "Conduct a full medication and topical-product review." ], [ "Sunburn-like reaction during phototherapy", "Potential phototherapy adverse effect. [4]", "Review phototherapy regimen and concurrent photosensitizing exposures." ], [ "Progressive blistering or severe cutaneous symptoms on isotretinoin", "Potential serious skin reaction requiring urgent evaluation. [6]", "Assess immediately and follow product-label safety instructions." ] ] } } ], "faq": [], "references": [ { "number": 1, "title": "Tips to Stay Safe in the Sun: From Sunscreen to Sunglasses - FDA", "detail": "www.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/tips-stay-safe-sun-sunscreen-sunglasses", "authors": "www.fda.gov", "host": "www.fda.gov" }, { "number": 2, "title": "Sunscreen: How to Help Protect Your Skin from the Sun", "detail": "www.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.fda.gov/drugs/understanding-over-counter-medicines/sunscreen-how-help-protect-your-skin-sun", "authors": "www.fda.gov", "host": "www.fda.gov" }, { "number": 3, "title": "highlights of prescribing information - DailyMed", "detail": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=6aab6c1f-9b02-4101-b7c8-ab7a55704320&type=display", "authors": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov" }, { "number": 4, "title": "[PDF] 761055Orig1s000 | FDA", "detail": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2017/761055Orig1s000ODMemo.pdf", "authors": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "host": "www.accessdata.fda.gov" }, { "number": 5, "title": "[PDF] Risk Assessment and Risk Mitigation Review(s) - accessdata.fda.gov", "detail": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2019/211527Orig1s000RiskR.pdf", "authors": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "host": "www.accessdata.fda.gov" }, { "number": 6, "title": "[PDF] This label may not be the latest approved by FDA. For current ...", "detail": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2023/021951s024%2C211913s011lbl.pdf", "authors": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "host": "www.accessdata.fda.gov" }, { "number": 7, "title": "[PDF] 2964738 This label may not be the latest approved by FDA. For ...", "detail": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022405s001lbl.pdf", "authors": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "host": "www.accessdata.fda.gov" }, { "number": 8, "title": "What Parents Should Know About Sun and Sunburns in Children", "detail": "jamanetwork.com", "url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2802518", "authors": "jamanetwork.com", "host": "jamanetwork.com" }, { "number": 9, "title": "Sun Protection Use and Sunburn Among US Adults - JAMA Network", "detail": "jamanetwork.com", "url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2674264", "authors": "jamanetwork.com", "host": "jamanetwork.com" }, { "number": 10, "title": "Sunburn Injuries Admitted to Burn Services in Australia and New ...", "detail": "jamanetwork.com", "url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2779640", "authors": "jamanetwork.com", "host": "jamanetwork.com" }, { "number": 11, "title": "Topical Corticosteroids in the Treatment of Acute Sunburn", "detail": "jamanetwork.com", "url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/419706", "authors": "jamanetwork.com", "host": "jamanetwork.com" }, { "number": 12, "title": "All-small-molecule Hydrogels for Safe and Efficient Photoprotection | Nature Communications", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-75884-y", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com" }, { "number": 13, "title": "Sun protection and skin cancer screening after childhood cancer—A ...", "detail": "acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cncr.70364", "authors": "acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com" }, { "number": 14, "title": "Legislative review and recommendations for improving sun ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pde.15638", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com" }, { "number": 15, "title": "Evaluating the effect of childhood sunburn on the risk of cutaneous ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cas.15974", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com" }, { "number": 16, "title": "Spotlight commentary: Navigating the cutaneous side effects of ...", "detail": "bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bcp.70132", "authors": "bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com" }, { "number": 17, "title": "Management of albinism: French guidelines for diagnosis and care", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jdv.17275", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com" }, { "number": 18, "title": "A Systemic Pathophysiological View of Sensitive Skin Revealed by ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jocd.70649", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com" }, { "number": 19, "title": "Sunscreens part 1: Mechanisms and efficacy - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962224007850", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 20, "title": "Visible light. Part II: Photoprotection against visible and ultraviolet light - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0190962221004084", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 21, "title": "Greater efficacy of SPF 100+ sunscreen compared with SPF 50+ in sunburn prevention during 5 consecutive days of sunlight exposure: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0190962219327550", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 22, "title": "Sunscreens: A Narrative Review | Skin Health and Disease", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/skinhd/article/4/6/ski2.432/7950880", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com" }, { "number": 23, "title": "Ultraviolet B Radiation-Induced DNA Lesions in Mouse Epidermis: An Assessment Using a Novel32P-Postlabelling Technique - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X96918483", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 24, "title": "Association Between Sun Protection Behaviors and Sunburn Among ...", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article/59/Supplement_1/S17/5491127", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com" } ], "editorialNote": "Prepared from cited clinical literature using Astra's research workflow. Verify recommendations against current guidance and patient-specific factors.", "citations": [ { "number": 1, "title": "Tips to Stay Safe in the Sun: From Sunscreen to Sunglasses - FDA", "detail": "www.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/tips-stay-safe-sun-sunscreen-sunglasses", "authors": "www.fda.gov", "host": "www.fda.gov", "snippet": "## Lower Your Risk for Sunburn, Skin Cancer, and Early Skin Aging\n\nSun damage to the body is caused by invisible UV radiation. Sunburn is a type of skin damage caused by the sun. Tanning is also a sign of the skin reacting to potentially damaging UV radiation by producing additional pigmentation tha", "score": 0.15777196 }, { "number": 2, "title": "Sunscreen: How to Help Protect Your Skin from the Sun", "detail": "www.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.fda.gov/drugs/understanding-over-counter-medicines/sunscreen-how-help-protect-your-skin-sun", "authors": "www.fda.gov", "host": "www.fda.gov", "snippet": "Because burns have the potential to be more severe in children than adults, keeping children safe near flammable materials is very important. Parents and caregivers should read the product label to choose the right sunscreen for their children.\n\n### Recalled sunscreens\n\nYou may have heard that certa", "score": 0.15614378 }, { "number": 3, "title": "highlights of prescribing information - DailyMed", "detail": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=6aab6c1f-9b02-4101-b7c8-ab7a55704320&type=display", "authors": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "snippet": "Advise patients to discontinue treatment with diclofenac sodium topical gel at the first evidence of sunburn. ... topical gel and analgesic doses", "score": 0.48235655 }, { "number": 4, "title": "[PDF] 761055Orig1s000 | FDA", "detail": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2017/761055Orig1s000ODMemo.pdf", "authors": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "host": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "snippet": "Standard treatment for AD begins with non-pharmacologic measures such as bathing practices and use of emollients. In addition to emollients, topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors and a topical phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor are potential therapeutic options for patients with mild to", "score": 0.12554729 }, { "number": 5, "title": "[PDF] Risk Assessment and Risk Mitigation Review(s) - accessdata.fda.gov", "detail": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2019/211527Orig1s000RiskR.pdf", "authors": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "host": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "snippet": "of asthma (gel), hypersensitivity reactions Retinoids Tretinoin Skin irritation (dryness, pain, Labeling - Warnings and erythema, irritation, and exfoliation), Precautions 10 Reference ID 4482385 photosensitivity a nd risk for sunburn, caution in extremes of weather Adapalene Ultraviolet light a nd ", "score": 0.113295 }, { "number": 6, "title": "[PDF] This label may not be the latest approved by FDA. For current ...", "detail": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2023/021951s024%2C211913s011lbl.pdf", "authors": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "host": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "snippet": "FORMS AND STRENGTHS----------------------­ ABSORICA Capsules: 10 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg and 40 mg (3) ABSORICA LD Capsules: 8 mg, 16 mg, 20 mg, 24 mg, 28 mg and 32 mg (3) ---------------------------------CONTRAINDICATIONS------------------------------­ • Pregnancy (4.1, 8.1) • Hypersensitivi", "score": 0.106198505 }, { "number": 7, "title": "[PDF] 2964738 This label may not be the latest approved by FDA. For ...", "detail": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "url": "https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022405s001lbl.pdf", "authors": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "host": "www.accessdata.fda.gov", "snippet": "should be reduced to 200 mg in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment. --------------DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS---------------- 100 mg and 300 mg tablets (3) ------------------------CONTRAINDICATIONS----------------------- • Do not use in patients with congenital long QT syndrome. -------", "score": 0.08450048 }, { "number": 8, "title": "What Parents Should Know About Sun and Sunburns in Children", "detail": "jamanetwork.com", "url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2802518", "authors": "jamanetwork.com", "host": "jamanetwork.com", "snippet": "This Patient Page discusses how to prevent sunburns by avoiding midday sun exposure, using sunscreen, and wearing protective clothing.", "score": 0.26236716 }, { "number": 9, "title": "Sun Protection Use and Sunburn Among US Adults - JAMA Network", "detail": "jamanetwork.com", "url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2674264", "authors": "jamanetwork.com", "host": "jamanetwork.com", "snippet": "Sunscreen use (42.9%) and sun avoidance (42.3%) were the most prevalent strategies among sun-sensitive individuals. Table 1. Weighted Unadjusted", "score": 0.26009145 }, { "number": 10, "title": "Sunburn Injuries Admitted to Burn Services in Australia and New ...", "detail": "jamanetwork.com", "url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2779640", "authors": "jamanetwork.com", "host": "jamanetwork.com", "snippet": "The majority of people with sunburns self-manage their injuries at home with simple creams and analgesics, and thus these injuries are often", "score": 0.2031066 }, { "number": 11, "title": "Topical Corticosteroids in the Treatment of Acute Sunburn", "detail": "jamanetwork.com", "url": "https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/419706", "authors": "jamanetwork.com", "host": "jamanetwork.com", "snippet": "In practice, treatment of sunburn is started at the earliest 6 hours after sun exposure or the next day. We conducted this randomized, double-", "score": 0.17672874 }, { "number": 12, "title": "All-small-molecule Hydrogels for Safe and Efficient Photoprotection | Nature Communications", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-75884-y", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com", "snippet": "Title: All-small-molecule Hydrogels for Safe and Efficient Photoprotection | Nature Communications\nYou are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in. # All-small-molecule Hydrogels for ", "score": 0.6244086 }, { "number": 13, "title": "Sun protection and skin cancer screening after childhood cancer—A ...", "detail": "acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cncr.70364", "authors": "acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "Regular sun protection was reported by 89% of children, 65% of adolescents, and 77% of adults, and sunburns by 23%, 49%, and 43%, respectively.", "score": 0.274381 }, { "number": 14, "title": "Legislative review and recommendations for improving sun ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pde.15638", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "Regular and proper application of sunscreen has been shown to reduce the risk of sunburn, photoaging, and skin cancer later in life.4-7", "score": 0.27008224 }, { "number": 15, "title": "Evaluating the effect of childhood sunburn on the risk of cutaneous ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cas.15974", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "Using a two-sample MR approach, our study has provided evidence of a causal relationship between childhood sunburn and an increased risk of CM.", "score": 0.2641713 }, { "number": 16, "title": "Spotlight commentary: Navigating the cutaneous side effects of ...", "detail": "bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bcp.70132", "authors": "bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "Severity ranges from sunburn-like redness and peeling to severe blistering in sun-exposed areas. Onset is acute (hours to days after UV", "score": 0.40641484 }, { "number": 17, "title": "Management of albinism: French guidelines for diagnosis and care", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jdv.17275", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "differential diagnosis of albinism. Skin photosensitivity is marked with a high risk of severe sunburn. The main dermatological consequences of", "score": 0.29334423 }, { "number": 18, "title": "A Systemic Pathophysiological View of Sensitive Skin Revealed by ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jocd.70649", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "Do you easily become flushed in the sunlight, or have you experienced sunburn or similar inflammation? ... symptoms of stinging, burning, pruritus", "score": 0.19305643 }, { "number": 19, "title": "Sunscreens part 1: Mechanisms and efficacy - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962224007850", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "Following an overview of sunscreen's efficacy in protecting against sunburn, photocarcinogenesis, photoaging, pigmentary disorders, and idiopathic photodermatoses, we highlight considerations for product use and selection in children and individuals with skin of color. It was not until 4000 BC that ", "score": 0.7067782 }, { "number": 20, "title": "Visible light. Part II: Photoprotection against visible and ultraviolet light - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0190962221004084", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "### J Photochem Photobiol B\n\n### Sunscreens: a review of health benefits, regulations, and controversies\n\n### Dermatol Clin\n\n### Sunburns and risk of cutaneous melanoma: does age matter? A comprehensive meta-analysis\n\n### Ann Epidemiol\n\n### Toxicological effects of two organic ultraviolet filters an", "score": 0.7043437 }, { "number": 21, "title": "Greater efficacy of SPF 100+ sunscreen compared with SPF 50+ in sunburn prevention during 5 consecutive days of sunlight exposure: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0190962219327550", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "Consequently, in addition to regular in-office surveillance and screening, clinicians must advocate for lifestyle modifications that reduce the incidence of further disease. In addition to counseling patients on the importance of at-home self-examinations, behaviors to reduce the damaging exposure o", "score": 0.6899958 }, { "number": 22, "title": "Sunscreens: A Narrative Review | Skin Health and Disease", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/skinhd/article/4/6/ski2.432/7950880", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com", "snippet": "Sunscreen use has been increasingly encouraged to protect against sunburn, skin cancer and photoaging that can occur because of prolonged and cumulative sun", "score": 0.5155961 }, { "number": 23, "title": "Ultraviolet B Radiation-Induced DNA Lesions in Mouse Epidermis: An Assessment Using a Novel32P-Postlabelling Technique - ScienceDirect", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X96918483", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "Title: Ultraviolet B Radiation-Induced DNA Lesions in Mouse Epidermis: An Assessment Using a Novel32P-Postlabelling Technique - ScienceDirect\n# Regular Article Ultraviolet B Radiation-Induced DNA Lesions in Mouse Epidermis: An Assessment Using a Novel32P-Postlabelling Technique. Employing mouse skin", "score": 0.5120832 }, { "number": 24, "title": "Association Between Sun Protection Behaviors and Sunburn Among ...", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article/59/Supplement_1/S17/5491127", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com", "snippet": "Sunburn at any age is associated with an increased skin cancer risk (Dennis et al., 2008) and is often used as a proxy outcome measure in skin", "score": 0.5060794 } ], "publishedAt": "2026-09-15T23:49:16.433482+00:00", "updatedAt": "2026-09-15T23:49:16.433482+00:00", "readingMinutes": 5, "slug": "sunburn" }