{ "schemaVersion": 2, "eyebrow": "Pediatrics", "title": "Failure to Thrive", "summary": "Failure to thrive is a growth pattern requiring confirmation on serial, correctly plotted measurements, structured feeding assessment, and targeted testing for medical, developmental, and social contributors. Most children can begin outpatient nutritional and behavioral intervention; acute illness, severe undernutrition, or tube-feeding need changes disposition.", "seoDescription": "Physician guide to pediatric failure to thrive: confirm growth faltering, target feeding and medical evaluation, manage nutrition, and identify referral triggers.", "clinicalQuestion": "How should clinicians confirm, evaluate, manage, and escalate care for pediatric failure to thrive?", "specialty": "Pediatrics", "audience": "U.S. physicians and medical trainees", "tags": [ "failure to thrive", "growth faltering", "pediatric malnutrition", "poor weight gain", "pediatric feeding disorder" ], "keyTakeaways": [ "Use the descriptive term growth faltering only after confirming a below-expected anthropometric pattern or depressed growth rate on serial measurements; document the criterion used because definitions vary. [1]", "Correct age for prematurity when assessing growth in preterm children; chronological-age plotting can substantially overclassify early growth faltering. [6]", "Prioritize a detailed medical, developmental, social, and feeding/eating history, with trained direct observation of feeding or meals when indicated. [20][19]", "Target initial testing to clinical findings; consider urinary tract infection and celiac disease when gluten has been introduced rather than ordering broad screening panels routinely. [20]", "Refer for signs of underlying disease, nonresponse to primary-care intervention, slow linear growth or unexplained short stature, rapid weight loss, severe undernutrition, or safeguarding concerns. [19]" ], "sections": [ { "id": "confirm-the-growth-pattern", "eyebrow": "Recognition", "heading": "Confirm a clinically meaningful growth pattern before labeling failure to thrive", "intro": "The label describes a growth pattern, not an etiology.", "paragraphs": [ "Document serial weight, recumbent length or standing height, and weight-for-length or BMI-for-age on an appropriate growth reference. Growth faltering denotes below-expected weight-for-age, weight-for-length, or BMI-for-age, or a depressed rate of growth for age; the diagnostic criterion should be explicitly recorded because definitions differ among clinicians. [1]", "Interpret weight in relation to linear growth and head growth rather than treating a single low percentile as disease. Slow linear growth or unexplained short stature shifts the concern beyond isolated intake-related poor weight gain and is a referral trigger. [19]", "For children born preterm, use corrected rather than chronological age for growth assessment. At 4 months, chronological-age plotting misclassified 38% of very or extremely preterm infants as stunted in one analysis; differences in weight, length/height, head circumference, and BMI assessment persisted through 36 months corrected age. [6]" ], "bullets": [ "Verify measurement technique, the chart used, gestational age, and whether age correction was applied before initiating a medical workup. [6]", "Review the trajectory across prior visits; a depressed growth velocity is included in the clinical construct even when an individual measurement is not strikingly low. [1]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Anthropometric interpretation that changes the next step. [1][6][19]", "columns": [ "Observed pattern", "Interpretation", "Next action" ], "rows": [ [ "Low weight-for-age, weight-for-length, or BMI-for-age, or declining growth rate", "Consistent with the descriptive pattern of growth faltering; criterion should be specified. [1]", "Obtain a structured feeding, medical, developmental, and social assessment. [20]" ], [ "Slow linear growth or unexplained short stature", "Raises concern for an underlying disorder beyond isolated poor intake. [19]", "Discuss with or refer to an appropriate pediatric specialty service. [19]" ], [ "Preterm infant plotted by chronological age", "May be misclassified as underweight, wasted, or stunted. [6]", "Replot using corrected age before judging growth trajectory. [6]" ] ] } }, { "id": "triage-and-disposition", "eyebrow": "Triage", "heading": "Separate outpatient growth management from urgent medical or safety evaluation", "intro": "Disposition follows acuity, nutritional severity, and the suspected cause.", "paragraphs": [ "Assess first for acute illness, rapid weight loss, severe undernutrition, and symptoms or signs pointing to an underlying disorder. These findings warrant discussion with or referral to an appropriate pediatric specialty service rather than prolonged empiric outpatient management. [19]", "Hospitalization is not routine for growth faltering. Admit when the child is acutely unwell or when a specific inpatient indication exists, including a plan to begin tube feeding. [19]", "Treat safeguarding as an independent disposition issue. Features that create safeguarding concerns are a referral trigger, but neglect should not be presumed solely from faltering growth; current guidance recognizes that it is an uncommon explanation. [19][18]" ], "bullets": [ "Escalate promptly for rapid weight loss or severe undernutrition. [19]", "Escalate when primary-care feeding and nutritional interventions do not produce an adequate response. [19]", "Do not use hospitalization merely to complete an otherwise outpatient evaluation in a clinically stable child. [19]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Disposition framework for children with growth faltering. [19]", "columns": [ "Clinical finding", "Disposition", "Reason" ], "rows": [ [ "Acutely unwell child", "Hospital admission", "Acute illness is a stated indication for inpatient care. [19]" ], [ "Planned initiation of tube feeding", "Hospital admission when needed for the feeding plan", "Tube-feeding initiation is a specific inpatient indication. [19]" ], [ "Slow linear growth, unexplained short stature, rapid weight loss, severe undernutrition, underlying-disease features, nonresponse, or safeguarding concern", "Discuss with or refer to pediatric specialty care", "Each is a stated escalation criterion. [19]" ], [ "Clinically stable child without a specific inpatient indication", "Outpatient assessment and intervention", "Routine admission is not recommended. [19]" ] ] } }, { "id": "targeted-assessment", "eyebrow": "Initial workup", "heading": "Use history, examination, and feeding observation to select targeted tests", "intro": "The initial assessment should identify the dominant mechanism: insufficient intake, loss or malabsorption, increased requirements, or feeding dysfunction.", "paragraphs": [ "Obtain a detailed feeding or eating history alongside medical, developmental, and social assessment. Directly observe a feeding or meal when the history does not identify the limiting behavior or when caregiver-child conflict, feeding technique, oral intake, or food avoidance is uncertain; observation should be performed by a trained clinician. [20][19]", "Use symptom patterns to direct the differential. Recurrent vomiting or diarrhea supports gastrointestinal contributors; swallowing disorders, feeding aversion, and neurologic pathology require focused assessment because each can limit intake or safe feeding. Chronic cardiac disease and chronic lung disease can increase nutritional complexity and contribute to poor growth. [9][10][15]", "Order further investigations only when the clinical assessment indicates them. In the initial targeted screen, consider urinary tract infection and test for celiac disease if the child has consumed gluten-containing foods; do not substitute indiscriminate laboratory panels for a careful feeding and systems assessment. [20][19]" ], "bullets": [ "Ask about the timing of onset, current and prior feeding practices, vomiting, diarrhea, respiratory symptoms, fatigue with feeds, developmental concerns, and food or texture avoidance. [15][20]", "Screen for pediatric feeding disorder when impaired oral intake is associated with feeding-skill dysfunction or persistent aversion; growth failure may be secondary to feeding-skills disorder. [12]", "Include caregiver capacity, food access, mealtime structure, and safeguarding in the social assessment without assuming a single-cause “nonorganic” diagnosis. [20][18]" ], "subsections": [ { "heading": "Etiologic branches and next diagnostic move", "paragraphs": [ "When the history shows insufficient offered intake, ineffective feeding technique, restrictive eating, feeding aversion, or feeding-skill difficulty, make direct feeding or mealtime observation the next diagnostic step and pair it with nutritional and behavioral intervention. [20][19][12]", "When recurrent vomiting, diarrhea, or other gastrointestinal symptoms are prominent, investigate the suspected gastrointestinal disorder rather than attributing poor growth to behavioral feeding alone. Celiac disease is specifically appropriate to consider after gluten exposure. [15][20]", "When there are signs of cardiopulmonary, neurologic, metabolic, or systemic disease, pursue disease-specific assessment and refer as appropriate; chronic lung disease and heart failure can complicate nutrient requirements, and neurologic disease may impair feeding. [10][15][19]" ], "bullets": [ "A feeding-focused presentation does not exclude medical disease; mixed medical, developmental/behavioral, nutritional, and social contributors are common. [24][1]", "An organic-versus-nonorganic dichotomy is often clinically unhelpful because growth faltering is multifactorial. [15][24]" ] } ], "table": { "caption": "Pattern-based evaluation of poor weight gain. [9][10][12][15][19][20]", "columns": [ "Dominant pattern", "High-yield discriminator", "Next action" ], "rows": [ [ "Insufficient intake or feeding dysfunction", "Detailed feeding history plus observed feeding or meal; look for feeding aversion or feeding-skill difficulty. [20][12]", "Implement feeding and nutritional intervention; obtain trained feeding observation when needed. [19][20]" ], [ "Gastrointestinal loss or malabsorption", "Recurrent vomiting or diarrhea; determine whether gluten has been introduced. [15][20]", "Evaluate the suspected gastrointestinal condition; consider celiac disease testing after gluten exposure. [20]" ], [ "Increased energy requirement", "Known chronic lung disease or heart failure, with feeding intolerance or inadequate growth. [10]", "Coordinate disease-directed care and nutrition planning for the chronic condition. [10][19]" ], [ "Neurologic or swallowing disorder", "Developmental or neurologic findings, dysphagia, or inability to maintain safe/effective oral intake. [9][15]", "Perform focused neurologic and swallowing assessment; consider tube feeding when oral feeding cannot meet needs and inpatient initiation is planned. [9][19]" ], [ "Systemic or occult disease", "Symptoms or signs of an underlying disorder, rapid weight loss, or severe undernutrition. [19]", "Target testing and pediatric specialty referral. [19][20]" ] ] } }, { "id": "nutrition-and-feeding-management", "eyebrow": "Management", "heading": "Treat the identified intake barrier while monitoring for nutritional rehabilitation complications", "intro": "Nutrition support should be individualized to feeding safety, gastrointestinal tolerance, and the underlying disease.", "paragraphs": [ "For children managed in primary care, construct a written intervention plan around the identified barrier: feeding technique, meal structure, food or feeding aversion, caloric adequacy, and management of a contributing medical disorder. Reassess response rather than continuing the same plan indefinitely; failure to respond is a specialty-referral criterion. [19][20]", "When enteral nutritional rehabilitation is required, monitor potassium, magnesium, and phosphate closely after feeds are initiated because these concentrations can fall rapidly. Escalate to a tube-feeding plan when oral intake cannot safely or reliably meet needs; hospital admission may be appropriate for planned tube-feeding initiation. [9][19]", "Avoid a reflex prescription of specialized “toddler formulas.” These products may have limited roles for children with deprivation, growth faltering, malnutrition, swallowing dysfunction, or other special nutritional needs, but product selection should follow the specific feeding and medical assessment. [23]" ], "bullets": [ "Set a defined interval for weight and linear-growth reassessment, and revise the etiologic assessment if the trajectory does not improve. [19]", "Monitor feeding tolerance during nutritional escalation and monitor potassium, magnesium, and phosphate in children undergoing nutritional rehabilitation. [9]", "Coordinate feeding intervention with developmental and behavioral assessment when feeding skills or aversion contribute to inadequate intake. [12][24]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Management choices linked to the identified barrier. [9][12][19][20][23]", "columns": [ "Barrier", "Immediate management", "Monitoring or escalation" ], "rows": [ [ "Feeding technique, meal-process problem, or unclear intake", "Detailed feeding plan and trained observation of feeding or meals. [19][20]", "Reassess growth response; refer if primary-care intervention fails. [19]" ], [ "Feeding-skills disorder or persistent aversion", "Address feeding dysfunction through multidisciplinary developmental/behavioral assessment and treatment. [12][24]", "Track oral intake and growth trajectory; assess whether oral intake remains adequate. [12][19]" ], [ "Need for nutritional rehabilitation", "Advance nutrition according to gastrointestinal tolerance. [9]", "Monitor potassium, magnesium, and phosphate for early declines after feeding begins. [9]" ], [ "Oral intake inadequate or unsafe", "Plan enteral tube feeding when indicated. [9][19]", "Admission may be indicated for tube-feeding initiation. [19]" ] ] } }, { "id": "follow-up-and-specialty-escalation", "eyebrow": "Monitoring", "heading": "Use the growth response to confirm or reopen the diagnostic pathway", "intro": "Follow-up is an active diagnostic test of the management hypothesis.", "paragraphs": [ "At each follow-up, replot weight and linear growth using the same appropriate reference and corrected age when applicable. Improvement after a structured feeding and nutrition plan supports the working intake-related mechanism; persistent faltering requires reassessment of feeding observation, adherence, underlying disease features, and the adequacy of targeted testing. [6][19][20]", "Refer or reconsult pediatric specialty care for persistent failure to respond, slow linear growth, unexplained short stature, rapid weight loss, severe undernutrition, or clinical features suggesting an underlying disorder. This approach prevents repeated low-yield testing while avoiding prolonged management of a potentially systemic disease as an isolated feeding problem. [19][20]", "Maintain developmental surveillance during follow-up. Children with growth faltering may have overlapping developmental, behavioral, medical, nutritional, and social needs, and a collaborative evaluation can involve gastroenterology, neurology, psychiatry, occupational therapy, and speech-language pathology when the presentation warrants it. [24][17]" ], "bullets": [ "Reassess the original anthropometric interpretation whenever new measurements are obtained; do not base escalation on a single measurement. [1]", "Reconsider celiac disease or urinary tract infection only when the history, examination, and exposure history make either diagnosis clinically plausible. [20]", "Use subspecialty selection to match the dominant phenotype: gastroenterology for suspected gastrointestinal disease, neurology for neurologic impairment, and feeding/developmental services for feeding-skill or behavioral barriers. [17][24]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Follow-up signals that require a change in plan. [19][20]", "columns": [ "Follow-up finding", "Interpretation", "Action" ], "rows": [ [ "Growth trajectory improves after a structured intervention", "Supports continuation of the current nutrition and feeding plan.", "Continue serial anthropometry and adjust the plan to ongoing growth. [19]" ], [ "No response to primary-care intervention", "The working mechanism may be incomplete or incorrect.", "Refer to or discuss with pediatric specialty care; revisit feeding observation and targeted evaluation. [19][20]" ], [ "New slow linear growth, rapid weight loss, severe undernutrition, or disease-specific symptoms", "Raises concern for an underlying disorder or increased acuity.", "Expedite specialty evaluation and consider inpatient care if acutely unwell or tube feeding is planned. [19]" ] ] } } ], "faq": [], "references": [ { "number": 1, "title": "Faltering growth - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice", "detail": "bestpractice.bmj.com", "url": "https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/747", "authors": "bestpractice.bmj.com", "host": "bestpractice.bmj.com" }, { "number": 2, "title": "Risk factors for early childhood growth faltering in rural ...", "detail": "bmjopen.bmj.com", "url": "https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/4/e058092", "authors": "bmjopen.bmj.com", "host": "bmjopen.bmj.com" }, { "number": 3, "title": "Failure to thrive in pediatric patients with congenital heart ...", "detail": "www.thelancet.com", "url": "https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanwpc/article/PIIS2666-6065(23)00320-6/fulltext?uuid=uuid%3A245ba47d-0d00-409a-93c2-cb477a62e717", "authors": "www.thelancet.com", "host": "www.thelancet.com" }, { "number": 4, "title": "Worldwide variation in human growth and the World Health Organization growth standards: a systematic review | BMJ Open", "detail": "bmjopen.bmj.com", "url": "https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/4/1/e003735", "authors": "bmjopen.bmj.com", "host": "bmjopen.bmj.com" }, { "number": 5, "title": "1 Title Failure to thrive: the prevalence and concurrence of ...", "detail": "adc.bmj.com", "url": "https://adc.bmj.com/content/early/2006/03/10/adc.2005.080333.full.pdf?adc.2005.080333v1=", "authors": "adc.bmj.com", "host": "adc.bmj.com" }, { "number": 6, "title": "Preterm growth assessment: the latest findings on age correction | Journal of Perinatology", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41372-024-02202-z", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com" }, { "number": 7, "title": "Elevated Circulating Acylated and Total Ghrelin ...", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/pr2009110", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com" }, { "number": 8, "title": "Defining growth faltering and malnutrition among very preterm infants in a neonatal intensive care unit | Journal of Perinatology", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41372-026-02572-6", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com" }, { "number": 9, "title": "Failure to Thrive - an overview", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/failure-to-thrive", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 10, "title": "Statement on the Care of the Child with Chronic Lung Disease ...", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/ajrccm/article/168/3/356/8539266", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com" }, { "number": 11, "title": "Disease Burden and Spectrum of Symptoms That Impact ...", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772572324001249", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 12, "title": "Pediatric Feeding Disorder", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002188", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com" }, { "number": 13, "title": "Catch‐Up Growth in Infants and Young Children With ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1097%2FMPG.0000000000003784", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com" }, { "number": 14, "title": "Abstract - 2026 - JPGN Reports", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jpr3.70194", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com" }, { "number": 15, "title": "Growth Disorder - an overview", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/growth-disorder", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 16, "title": "Biopsychosocial characteristics of children admitted with ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jpc.16462", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com" }, { "number": 17, "title": "Developmental Mental Disorder - an overview", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/developmental-mental-disorder", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 18, "title": "Guideline scope Faltering growth in children", "detail": "www.nice.org.uk", "url": "https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng75/documents/faltering-growth-recognition-and-management-of-faltering-growth-in-children-final-scope2", "authors": "www.nice.org.uk", "host": "www.nice.org.uk" }, { "number": 19, "title": "Recommendations | Faltering growth: recognition and management of faltering growth in children | Guidance | NICE", "detail": "www.nice.org.uk", "url": "https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng75/chapter/recommendations", "authors": "www.nice.org.uk", "host": "www.nice.org.uk" }, { "number": 20, "title": "recognition and management of faltering growth in children", "detail": "www.nice.org.uk", "url": "https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng75/resources/faltering-growth-recognition-and-management-of-faltering-growth-in-children-pdf-1837635907525", "authors": "www.nice.org.uk", "host": "www.nice.org.uk" }, { "number": 21, "title": "Failure To Thrive: A General Pediatrician's Perspective", "detail": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "url": "https://pedsinreview.aappublications.org/content/18/11/371", "authors": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "host": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org" }, { "number": 22, "title": "Failure to Thrive: Current Clinical Concepts", "detail": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "url": "http://pedsinreview.aappublications.org/content/32/3/100?ijkey=bce54389520ff4115aad515cb5d6de29889aa96e&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha", "authors": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "host": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org" }, { "number": 23, "title": "Older Infant-Young Child “Formulas” | Pediatrics", "detail": "pediatrics.aappublications.org", "url": "https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/pediatrics/article/doi/10.1542/peds.2023-064050/194469/Older-Infant-Young-Child-Formulas", "authors": "pediatrics.aappublications.org", "host": "pediatrics.aappublications.org" }, { "number": 24, "title": "Failure to Thrive or Growth Faltering: Medical, ...", "detail": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "url": "https://pedsinreview.aappublications.org/content/42/11/590.full", "authors": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "host": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org" } ], "editorialNote": "Prepared from cited clinical literature using Astra's research workflow. Verify recommendations against current guidance and patient-specific factors.", "citations": [ { "number": 1, "title": "Faltering growth - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice", "detail": "bestpractice.bmj.com", "url": "https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/747", "authors": "bestpractice.bmj.com", "host": "bestpractice.bmj.com", "snippet": "### Definition\n\nFaltering growth (previously known as failure to thrive) is a descriptive term used for children with below-expected weight-for-age, weight-for-length, or BMI-for-age. It can also be used to describe a depressed rate of growth for age.(#referencePop1)Tang MN, Adolphe S, Rogers SR, et", "score": 0.559411 }, { "number": 2, "title": "Risk factors for early childhood growth faltering in rural ...", "detail": "bmjopen.bmj.com", "url": "https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/4/e058092", "authors": "bmjopen.bmj.com", "host": "bmjopen.bmj.com", "snippet": "by A Lai · 2022 · Cited by 20 — Since growth faltering in children is thought to be primarily attributable to inadequate nutrition, many studies have focused on improving infant and child", "score": 0.34099028 }, { "number": 3, "title": "Failure to thrive in pediatric patients with congenital heart ...", "detail": "www.thelancet.com", "url": "https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanwpc/article/PIIS2666-6065(23)00320-6/fulltext?uuid=uuid%3A245ba47d-0d00-409a-93c2-cb477a62e717", "authors": "www.thelancet.com", "host": "www.thelancet.com", "snippet": "by Q He · 2024 · Cited by 24 — Failure to thrive (FTT) is characterized by inadequate growth during childhood, typically defined as stunting or underweight with a standard deviation score (", "score": 0.44420364 }, { "number": 4, "title": "Worldwide variation in human growth and the World Health Organization growth standards: a systematic review | BMJ Open", "detail": "bmjopen.bmj.com", "url": "https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/4/1/e003735", "authors": "bmjopen.bmj.com", "host": "bmjopen.bmj.com", "snippet": "Importantly, ∼84% of outlying mean weights were above the MGRS +0.5 SD mark. Owing to the global obesity epidemic, the low position of the MGRS means in our range can be seen as endorsing the idea that slenderness is healthy. This is a strength of the MGRS curves, particularly since overweight and o", "score": 0.30037653 }, { "number": 5, "title": "1 Title Failure to thrive: the prevalence and concurrence of ...", "detail": "adc.bmj.com", "url": "https://adc.bmj.com/content/early/2006/03/10/adc.2005.080333.full.pdf?adc.2005.080333v1=", "authors": "adc.bmj.com", "host": "adc.bmj.com", "snippet": "However, children with weight data generally had lower weight and BMI values at birth than children without any weight data. In contrast, children with full", "score": 0.29163152 }, { "number": 6, "title": "Preterm growth assessment: the latest findings on age correction | Journal of Perinatology", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41372-024-02202-z", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com", "snippet": "Previous findings suggested that lack of age correction can lead to the child being misclassified as underweight, wasted or stunted . In a review that summarized relevant issues about age correction practice, obsolete data and outdated growth charts used in previous studies were highlighted as key c", "score": 0.21892847 }, { "number": 7, "title": "Elevated Circulating Acylated and Total Ghrelin ...", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/pr2009110", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com", "snippet": "by GS Tannenbaum · 2009 · Cited by 30 — Failure to thrive (FTT) is a term used to describe inadequate growth in infants. Infants with FTT scored significantly lower (2- to 15-fold) than normally", "score": 0.29742962 }, { "number": 8, "title": "Defining growth faltering and malnutrition among very preterm infants in a neonatal intensive care unit | Journal of Perinatology", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41372-026-02572-6", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com", "snippet": "Over half of preterm infants will experience apparent ‘postnatal growth failure’ . Postnatal growth failure has frequently been defined as weighing less than the 10th percentile on a standard preterm infant growth chart (z-score ≤−1.28) at term birth age (36–40 weeks postmenstrual age) . However, th", "score": 0.29474297 }, { "number": 9, "title": "Failure to Thrive - an overview", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/failure-to-thrive", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "The approach to feeding a patient with failure to thrive should include a multidisciplinary assessment of medical, social, and psychological factors. A systematic evaluation to rule out neurologic pathology, swallowing disorders, feeding aversion, malabsorption, and metabolic disorders should be don", "score": 0.61279696 }, { "number": 10, "title": "Statement on the Care of the Child with Chronic Lung Disease ...", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/ajrccm/article/168/3/356/8539266", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com", "snippet": "Heart failure can cause failure to thrive. Nutrient requirements are often complicated. Breast milk alone and standard infant formulas are unable to meet the", "score": 0.33980626 }, { "number": 11, "title": "Disease Burden and Spectrum of Symptoms That Impact ...", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772572324001249", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "by M Chehade · 2024 · Cited by 19 — In young children with EoE, delayed diagnostic time was significantly associated with failure to thrive (FTT) and feeding problems. Furthermore", "score": 0.20788968 }, { "number": 12, "title": "Pediatric Feeding Disorder", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002188", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "by PS Goday · 2019 · Cited by 842 — Non-organic failure to thrive: growth failure secondary to feeding-skills disorder. Dev Med Child Neurol 1993;35:285–97.", "score": 0.47548413 }, { "number": 13, "title": "Catch‐Up Growth in Infants and Young Children With ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1097%2FMPG.0000000000003784", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "by R Cooke · 2023 · Cited by 83 — What is the long term outcome for children who fail to thrive? A systematic review. Arch Dis Child. 2005; 90: 925–31. 10.1136/adc", "score": 0.46832922 }, { "number": 14, "title": "Abstract - 2026 - JPGN Reports", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jpr3.70194", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "Results: We report the cases of two female siblings, aged 17 months and 6 years, both presenting failure to thrive, secondary microcephaly, global developmental and growth delay. As part of the diagnostic process for failure to thrive, organic causes were ruled out through laboratory analyses and in", "score": 0.4604593 }, { "number": 15, "title": "Growth Disorder - an overview", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/growth-disorder", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "Historically, Failure to thrive (FTT) was, and still is, a common term used in the medical diagnosis of feeding disorders. Clinicians initially distinguished between two forms of FTT: organic FTT, where a medical condition is considered to be the major reason for growth failure, and nonorganic FTT, ", "score": 0.4436251 }, { "number": 16, "title": "Biopsychosocial characteristics of children admitted with ...", "detail": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jpc.16462", "authors": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "host": "onlinelibrary.wiley.com", "snippet": "Failure to thrive (FTT) is a broad term signifying poor weight gain in children. 2 FTT is traditionally classified as organic and non-organic,", "score": 0.3787583 }, { "number": 17, "title": "Developmental Mental Disorder - an overview", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/developmental-mental-disorder", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "A revision, the DC: 0-3-R, was published in 2005. It makes some important changes in terminology, but not in the general format. There is still room for improvement, such as the addition of child and parent strengths (Sturner et al, 2007).\n\nShow more\n\nView chapterExplore book\n\nRead full chapter\n\nURL", "score": 0.29314688 }, { "number": 18, "title": "Guideline scope Faltering growth in children", "detail": "www.nice.org.uk", "url": "https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng75/documents/faltering-growth-recognition-and-management-of-faltering-growth-in-children-final-scope2", "authors": "www.nice.org.uk", "host": "www.nice.org.uk", "snippet": "underlying condition may be complex and have a variety of causes. In the past, child neglect or socioeconomic and educational disadvantage were often considered to be likely contributors. While neglected children may be undernourished, neglect is now thought to be an uncommon explanation for falteri", "score": 0.71948266 }, { "number": 19, "title": "Recommendations | Faltering growth: recognition and management of faltering growth in children | Guidance | NICE", "detail": "www.nice.org.uk", "url": "https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng75/chapter/recommendations", "authors": "www.nice.org.uk", "host": "www.nice.org.uk", "snippet": "any worries or issues they may have\n\nany possible or likely causes or factors that may be contributing to the problem\n\nthe management plan (see recommendation 1.2.15).\n\n### Terms used in this guideline\n\n#### Child\n\nPre-school children from 1 year of age.\n\n#### Food or feeding aversion\n\nBehaviours so", "score": 0.63804686 }, { "number": 20, "title": "recognition and management of faltering growth in children", "detail": "www.nice.org.uk", "url": "https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng75/resources/faltering-growth-recognition-and-management-of-faltering-growth-in-children-pdf-1837635907525", "authors": "www.nice.org.uk", "host": "www.nice.org.uk", "snippet": "Page 3 of 26 This guideline is the basis of QS197. Overview This guideline covers recognition, assessment and monitoring of faltering growth in infants and children. It includes a definition of growth thresholds for concern and identifying the risk factors for, and possible causes of, faltering grow", "score": 0.6122407 }, { "number": 21, "title": "Failure To Thrive: A General Pediatrician's Perspective", "detail": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "url": "https://pedsinreview.aappublications.org/content/18/11/371", "authors": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "host": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "snippet": "Failure to thrive is a sign of unexplained weight loss or poor weight gain in an infant or child. Undernutrition is the immediate underlying", "score": 0.59344494 }, { "number": 22, "title": "Failure to Thrive: Current Clinical Concepts", "detail": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "url": "http://pedsinreview.aappublications.org/content/32/3/100?ijkey=bce54389520ff4115aad515cb5d6de29889aa96e&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha", "authors": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "host": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "snippet": "Failure to thrive (FTT) or growth failure has long been a major focus of attention and critical thought for pediatricians. Over many years,", "score": 0.52290934 }, { "number": 23, "title": "Older Infant-Young Child “Formulas” | Pediatrics", "detail": "pediatrics.aappublications.org", "url": "https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/pediatrics/article/doi/10.1542/peds.2023-064050/194469/Older-Infant-Young-Child-Formulas", "authors": "pediatrics.aappublications.org", "host": "pediatrics.aappublications.org", "snippet": "children in states of deprivation or growth faltering (eg, malnutrition, so-called failure to thrive), with swallowing dysfunction,", "score": 0.5005133 }, { "number": 24, "title": "Failure to Thrive or Growth Faltering: Medical, ...", "detail": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "url": "https://pedsinreview.aappublications.org/content/42/11/590.full", "authors": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "host": "pedsinreview.aappublications.org", "snippet": "This review aims to help clinicians navigate multidisciplinary assessment and treatment of the overlapping medical, developmental/behavioral,", "score": 0.47387698 } ], "publishedAt": "2026-08-24T16:54:07.342663+00:00", "updatedAt": "2026-08-24T16:54:07.342663+00:00", "readingMinutes": 6, "slug": "failure-to-thrive" }