{ "schemaVersion": 2, "eyebrow": "Gastroenterology", "title": "Acute Cholecystitis", "summary": "Acute cholecystitis requires prompt distinction from alternative biliary and nonbiliary causes of right upper-quadrant pain, confirmation with imaging, assessment for sepsis or ductal complications, and timely source control. The supplied results do not contain disease-specific diagnostic or management guidance.", "seoDescription": "Acute cholecystitis review for clinicians: diagnostic priorities, imaging, severity assessment, antibiotics, and source-control decisions.", "clinicalQuestion": "How should physicians diagnose, risk-stratify, and manage suspected acute cholecystitis?", "specialty": "Gastroenterology and General Surgery", "audience": "U.S. physicians and medical trainees", "tags": [ "acute cholecystitis", "acute calculous cholecystitis", "biliary infection", "cholecystectomy", "percutaneous cholecystostomy" ], "keyTakeaways": [ "The supplied search results contain no acute cholecystitis-specific guideline, diagnostic study, antimicrobial recommendation, procedural evidence, or dosing source; disease-specific management claims cannot be supported from this evidence set.", "Acute cholecystitis should be managed using current disease-specific surgical, gastroenterology, infectious diseases, and local antimicrobial guidance, which was not supplied." ], "sections": [ { "id": "evidence-availability", "eyebrow": "Evidence limitation", "heading": "No usable disease-specific evidence was supplied", "intro": "The retrieved sources do not address acute cholecystitis.", "paragraphs": [ "The supplied results concern colchicine, sitagliptin, finerenone, pulmonary embolism, peripheral artery disease, heart failure, diagnostic-test methodology, artificial intelligence, and guideline-development processes. None provides evidence specific to the diagnosis, severity grading, imaging sequence, antibiotics, timing of cholecystectomy, gallbladder drainage, choledocholithiasis evaluation, or post-procedural management of acute cholecystitis.", "Because the requested article requires citations for diagnostic, pharmacologic, procedural, and prognostic claims and restricts use to supplied search results, a substantive point-of-care review would require unsupported assertions. No disease-specific recommendations, thresholds, doses, or algorithms are provided here." ], "bullets": [ "Do not use the included colchicine, sitagliptin, or finerenone prescribing information to guide treatment of acute cholecystitis; those sources address unrelated indications.[2][3][4]", "The diagnostic-test and machine-learning literature supplied is not evidence for evaluating or treating acute cholecystitis.[8][9][10][11]" ], "subsections": [], "table": { "caption": "Relevance of supplied evidence to acute cholecystitis", "columns": [ "Source group", "Relevance", "Permissible use for this topic" ], "rows": [ [ "Drug labeling for colchicine, sitagliptin, and finerenone", "Unrelated indications and safety information.[2][3][4]", "None for acute cholecystitis diagnosis or treatment." ], [ "Cardiovascular and pulmonary guidelines", "Unrelated clinical conditions.[5][6][7][12]", "None for acute cholecystitis." ], [ "Diagnostic and artificial-intelligence studies", "General methodology or infection/sepsis test validation, not biliary disease management.[8][9][10][11]", "None for disease-specific clinical recommendations." ] ] } } ], "faq": [ { "question": "What evidence is needed to create a point-of-care review of acute cholecystitis?", "answer": "Relevant sources should include a current acute cholecystitis guideline, evidence for ultrasonography and second-line imaging, antimicrobial recommendations, trials or systematic reviews on early cholecystectomy and gallbladder drainage, and guidance for suspected common bile duct stones or cholangitis. None was supplied." }, { "question": "Can this source set support antibiotic selection or procedural timing?", "answer": "No. The available prescribing information concerns unrelated drugs, and no supplied source provides acute cholecystitis antibiotic regimens, renal adjustments, source-control indications, or timing evidence.[2][3][4]" } ], "references": [ { "number": 1, "title": "highlights of prescribing information", "detail": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=f818ffe0-43df-4cc6-bc86-00b2c79b06fc&type=display", "authors": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov" }, { "number": 2, "title": "These highlights do not include all the information needed to use colchicine safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for Colchicine Tablets, USP. \n Colchicine Tablets, USP, for oral use Initial U.S. Approval: 1961", "detail": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=fc439ae8-a79e-4942-8d02-22422b19b015&type=display", "authors": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov" }, { "number": 3, "title": "These highlights do not include all the information needed to use JANUVIA safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for JANUVIA.\n JANUVIA® (sitagliptin) TabletsInitial U.S. Approval: 2006", "detail": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=aaadccea-4842-493b-a0bd-0ee7645fc250", "authors": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov" }, { "number": 4, "title": "These highlights do not include all the information needed to use KERENDIA safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for KERENDIA. \n KERENDIA (finerenone) tablets, for oral use Initial U.S. Approval: 2021", "detail": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=fc726765-5d5a-4d6e-b037-b847bda9fb7c&type=display", "authors": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov" }, { "number": 5, "title": "2026 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ACEP/CHEST/SCAI/SHM/SIR/SVM/ ...", "detail": "www.ahajournals.org", "url": "https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001415", "authors": "www.ahajournals.org", "host": "www.ahajournals.org" }, { "number": 6, "title": "2024 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/APMA/ABC/SCAI/SVM/SVN/SVS/ ...", "detail": "www.ahajournals.org", "url": "https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001251", "authors": "www.ahajournals.org", "host": "www.ahajournals.org" }, { "number": 7, "title": "2025 AHA/ACC/AANP/AAPA/ABC/ACCP/ACPM/AGS/AMA/ ...", "detail": "www.ahajournals.org", "url": "https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001356", "authors": "www.ahajournals.org", "host": "www.ahajournals.org" }, { "number": 8, "title": "Clinical validation of an AI-based blood testing device for diagnosis and prognosis of acute infection and sepsis | Nature Medicine", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-025-03933-y", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com" }, { "number": 9, "title": "Development and validation of prognostic machine learning models for short- and long-term mortality among acutely admitted patients based on blood tests | Scientific Reports", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-56638-6", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com" }, { "number": 10, "title": "A unified framework for diagnostic test development and evaluation during outbreaks of emerging infections", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s43856-024-00691-9", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com" }, { "number": 11, "title": "The hidden risk of round numbers and sharp thresholds in clinical practice | npj Digital Medicine", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-02079-y", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com" }, { "number": 12, "title": "ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ...", "detail": "www.ahajournals.org", "url": "https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/01.cir.94.9.2341", "authors": "www.ahajournals.org", "host": "www.ahajournals.org" }, { "number": 13, "title": "A scoping review of evidence-based guidance and guidelines ...", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/fampra/article/41/4/404/7051177", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com" }, { "number": 14, "title": "Clinician Testing and Treatment Thresholds for Management ...", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/10/9/ofad455/7256803", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com" }, { "number": 15, "title": "Diagnostic testing and the evolution of detection avoidance by ...", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/emph/article/12/1/248/7742490", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com" }, { "number": 16, "title": "Impact of Individualized Versus Weight-Based Pain ...", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0099176724003799", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 17, "title": "Implementing ASH's guidelines for acute medical care ...", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2473952925001132", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 18, "title": "Acute Pain Management - an overview", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/acute-pain-management", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 19, "title": "Monitoring Procedure - an overview", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/monitoring-procedure", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com" }, { "number": 20, "title": "Clinical Practice Guidelines Development: Training and Resources", "detail": "www.idsociety.org", "url": "https://www.idsociety.org/clinical-practice-guidelines-development-training-and-resources", "authors": "www.idsociety.org", "host": "www.idsociety.org" }, { "number": 21, "title": "Code and Guideline Changes | AMA", "detail": "www.acc.org", "url": "https://www.acc.org/-/media/Non-Clinical/Files-PDFs-Excel-MS-Word-etc/Latest%20in%20Cardiology/Advocacy%20and%20Policy/2021-AMA-EM-clarificatons-030921", "authors": "www.acc.org", "host": "www.acc.org" }, { "number": 22, "title": "All Practice Guidelines: A-Z List", "detail": "www.idsociety.org", "url": "https://www.idsociety.org/idsa_practice_guidelines", "authors": "www.idsociety.org", "host": "www.idsociety.org" }, { "number": 23, "title": "Policy Statements", "detail": "www.annemergmed.com", "url": "https://www.annemergmed.com/article/S0196-0644(24)01070-9/fulltext", "authors": "www.annemergmed.com", "host": "www.annemergmed.com" }, { "number": 24, "title": "Practice Guidelines", "detail": "www.aasld.org", "url": "https://www.aasld.org/practice-guidelines", "authors": "www.aasld.org", "host": "www.aasld.org" } ], "editorialNote": "Prepared from cited clinical literature using Astra's research workflow. Verify recommendations against current guidance and patient-specific factors.", "citations": [ { "number": 1, "title": "highlights of prescribing information", "detail": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=f818ffe0-43df-4cc6-bc86-00b2c79b06fc&type=display", "authors": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "snippet": "In the presence of mild to moderate renal or hepatic impairment, adjustment of dosing is not required for treatment of FMF, but patients should be monitored", "score": 0.64880073 }, { "number": 2, "title": "These highlights do not include all the information needed to use colchicine safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for Colchicine Tablets, USP. \n Colchicine Tablets, USP, for oral use Initial U.S. Approval: 1961", "detail": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=fc439ae8-a79e-4942-8d02-22422b19b015&type=display", "authors": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "snippet": "| | HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION These highlights do not include all the information needed to use colchicine safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for Colchicine Tablets, USP. Colchicine Tablets, USP, for oral use Initial U.S. Approval: 1961 INDICATIONS AND USAGE", "score": 0.41151342 }, { "number": 3, "title": "These highlights do not include all the information needed to use JANUVIA safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for JANUVIA.\n JANUVIA® (sitagliptin) TabletsInitial U.S. Approval: 2006", "detail": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=aaadccea-4842-493b-a0bd-0ee7645fc250", "authors": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "snippet": "mL/min ~Serum Cr levels [mg/dL] Men: >1.7–≤3.0; Women: >1.5–≤2.5 | Severe and ESRD CrCl <30 mL/min ~Serum Cr levels [mg/dL] Men: >3.0; Women: >2.5; or on dialysis | DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Tablets: 100 mg, 50 mg, and 25 mg (3) CONTRAINDICATIONS History of a serious hypersensitivity react", "score": 0.26867542 }, { "number": 4, "title": "These highlights do not include all the information needed to use KERENDIA safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for KERENDIA. \n KERENDIA (finerenone) tablets, for oral use Initial U.S. Approval: 2021", "detail": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=fc726765-5d5a-4d6e-b037-b847bda9fb7c&type=display", "authors": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "host": "dailymed.nlm.nih.gov", "snippet": "Table 1: Recommended Starting Dosage\n\n| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | Starting Dose |\n --- |\n| ≥ 60 | 20 mg orally once daily |\n| ≥ 25 to < 60 | 10 mg orally once daily |\n| < 25 | Initiation is not recommended |\n\nFor patients who are unable to swallow whole tablets, Kerendia may be crushed and mixed with w", "score": 0.2504913 }, { "number": 5, "title": "2026 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ACEP/CHEST/SCAI/SHM/SIR/SVM/ ...", "detail": "www.ahajournals.org", "url": "https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001415", "authors": "www.ahajournals.org", "host": "www.ahajournals.org", "snippet": "Feb 19, 2026 — The focus of this clinical practice guideline is the evaluation and management of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in the adult patient (≥18 years", "score": 0.42448413 }, { "number": 6, "title": "2024 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/APMA/ABC/SCAI/SVM/SVN/SVS/ ...", "detail": "www.ahajournals.org", "url": "https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001251", "authors": "www.ahajournals.org", "host": "www.ahajournals.org", "snippet": "by HL Gornik · 2024 · Cited by 1002 — provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the treatment of patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease … s approved for", "score": 0.061927155 }, { "number": 7, "title": "2025 AHA/ACC/AANP/AAPA/ABC/ACCP/ACPM/AGS/AMA/ ...", "detail": "www.ahajournals.org", "url": "https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001356", "authors": "www.ahajournals.org", "host": "www.ahajournals.org", "snippet": "by Writing Committee Members* · 2025 · Cited by 773 — The term guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) encompasses clinical evaluation, diagnostic testing, and both pharmacological and procedural treatments.", "score": 0.05720304 }, { "number": 8, "title": "Clinical validation of an AI-based blood testing device for diagnosis and prognosis of acute infection and sepsis | Nature Medicine", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-025-03933-y", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com", "snippet": "Taylor et al.23.\") recently surveyed 153 US clinicians responding to real-world derived vignettes of suspected sepsis to analyze decision thresholds to treat or not with antibiotics, using infection prediction models and varying case severities. Although the overall threshold to treat was 69% probab", "score": 0.6396691 }, { "number": 9, "title": "Development and validation of prognostic machine learning models for short- and long-term mortality among acutely admitted patients based on blood tests | Scientific Reports", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-56638-6", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com", "snippet": "value, and negative predictive value for the complete data, based on probability threshold of 0.5, were estimated for the training and test data and evaluated between them. Similarly, analyses were performed on the top ML models, including a sensitivity analysis using data without variable imputatio", "score": 0.5843666 }, { "number": 10, "title": "A unified framework for diagnostic test development and evaluation during outbreaks of emerging infections", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s43856-024-00691-9", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com", "snippet": "Joint data collection and sharing infrastructure can be used to make infected samples available to test developers.\n\nThreshold selection for diagnostic tests must be done in advance, but the optimal threshold depends on ever-changing disease prevalences and consequences of misclassification.\n\n A l", "score": 0.28234753 }, { "number": 11, "title": "The hidden risk of round numbers and sharp thresholds in clinical practice | npj Digital Medicine", "detail": "www.nature.com", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-025-02079-y", "authors": "www.nature.com", "host": "www.nature.com", "snippet": "Clinical practice requires consistency of application and ease of implementation. Based on these requirements, guidelines for clinical practice are often presented as round-number thresholds to facilitate uniform decision-making. For example, both the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (", "score": 0.2117756 }, { "number": 12, "title": "ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ...", "detail": "www.ahajournals.org", "url": "https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/01.cir.94.9.2341", "authors": "www.ahajournals.org", "host": "www.ahajournals.org", "snippet": "by TJ Ryan · 1996 · Cited by 426 — These guidelines are intended for physicians, nurses, and allied healthcare personnel who care for patients with suspected or established acute myocardial", "score": 0.35952207 }, { "number": 13, "title": "A scoping review of evidence-based guidance and guidelines ...", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/fampra/article/41/4/404/7051177", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com", "snippet": "by E O’Brien · 2024 · Cited by 8 — Studies were included if they were: (i) evidence-based guidance documents or clinical guidelines produced de novo by a national GP professional", "score": 0.15980688 }, { "number": 14, "title": "Clinician Testing and Treatment Thresholds for Management ...", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/10/9/ofad455/7256803", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com", "snippet": "by A Harris · 2023 · Cited by 3 — The threshold model describes a probability of disease at which a clinician will test for the disease, and a higher probability at which a clinician will treat", "score": 0.23530203 }, { "number": 15, "title": "Diagnostic testing and the evolution of detection avoidance by ...", "detail": "academic.oup.com", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/emph/article/12/1/248/7742490", "authors": "academic.oup.com", "host": "academic.oup.com", "snippet": "by J Wood · 2024 · Cited by 1 — We derive key thresholds under which a testing regime will (i) select for diagnostic test avoidance, or (ii) drive the pathogen extinct.", "score": 0.23312138 }, { "number": 16, "title": "Impact of Individualized Versus Weight-Based Pain ...", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0099176724003799", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "by SO Ibemere · 2025 · Cited by 1 — National guidelines for the acute management of sickle cell disease vaso-occlusive episodes recommend the use of a patient-specific or a weight-based protocol.", "score": 0.43208793 }, { "number": 17, "title": "Implementing ASH's guidelines for acute medical care ...", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2473952925001132", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "by MR DeBaun · 2025 · Cited by 3 — The ASH special panel's recommendations for management of acute neurological deficits in incarcerated children and adults with SCD. The ASH", "score": 0.29979196 }, { "number": 18, "title": "Acute Pain Management - an overview", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/acute-pain-management", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "Standardized protocols include the assessment and charting of pain scores as the fifth vital sign. Patients with high pain intensity scores (>5 on a 10-point", "score": 0.23480159 }, { "number": 19, "title": "Monitoring Procedure - an overview", "detail": "www.sciencedirect.com", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/monitoring-procedure", "authors": "www.sciencedirect.com", "host": "www.sciencedirect.com", "snippet": "Criteria usually include measurements of time, temperature, moisture level, water activity, available chlorine or sensory parameters", "score": 0.15217108 }, { "number": 20, "title": "Clinical Practice Guidelines Development: Training and Resources", "detail": "www.idsociety.org", "url": "https://www.idsociety.org/clinical-practice-guidelines-development-training-and-resources", "authors": "www.idsociety.org", "host": "www.idsociety.org", "snippet": "The following resources represent the various background and critical appraisal tools used for guidelines development. \n \nInstitute of Medicine (IOM): Standards for Developing Trustworthy Clinical Practice Guidelines \nWhen treating patients, doctors and other healthcare providers are often faced", "score": 0.22779596 }, { "number": 21, "title": "Code and Guideline Changes | AMA", "detail": "www.acc.org", "url": "https://www.acc.org/-/media/Non-Clinical/Files-PDFs-Excel-MS-Word-etc/Latest%20in%20Cardiology/Advocacy%20and%20Policy/2021-AMA-EM-clarificatons-030921", "authors": "www.acc.org", "host": "www.acc.org", "snippet": "consideration of hospital level of care. Undiagnosed new problem with uncertain prognosis: A problem in the differential diagnosis that represents a condition likely to result in a high risk of morbidity without treatment. An example may be a lump in the breast. Acute illness with systemic symptoms:", "score": 0.22357234 }, { "number": 22, "title": "All Practice Guidelines: A-Z List", "detail": "www.idsociety.org", "url": "https://www.idsociety.org/idsa_practice_guidelines", "authors": "www.idsociety.org", "host": "www.idsociety.org", "snippet": "IDSA clinical guidance documents are developed based on a comprehensive (but not necessarily systematic) review of the available evidence, coupled with experience of clinical and research experts on the topic. They do not include a formal grading of the evidence. Over time, IDSA guidance documents m", "score": 0.21143347 }, { "number": 23, "title": "Policy Statements", "detail": "www.annemergmed.com", "url": "https://www.annemergmed.com/article/S0196-0644(24)01070-9/fulltext", "authors": "www.annemergmed.com", "host": "www.annemergmed.com", "snippet": "by PS CENTERS · 2025 — Clinical standards of care developed, established, and promulgated by EMS physician medical directors, in the form of clinical care guidelines or protocols,", "score": 0.20924373 }, { "number": 24, "title": "Practice Guidelines", "detail": "www.aasld.org", "url": "https://www.aasld.org/practice-guidelines", "authors": "www.aasld.org", "host": "www.aasld.org", "snippet": "Learn More\n\n## Guidelines and Guidance by Disease\n\n Acute Liver Failure, Management\n Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure and the Management\n Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease\n Ascites, Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis and Hepatorenal Syndrome, Management\n Autoimmune Hepatitis, Management\n Drug, Herbal, a", "score": 0.20008872 } ], "publishedAt": "2026-08-20T23:35:00.688392Z", "updatedAt": "2026-08-20T23:35:00.688392Z", "readingMinutes": 1, "slug": "acute-cholecystitis" }